Design and Technology of Lithium Ion Batteries

Positive electrodes of lithium ion batteries, same as the positive electrodes of primary cells, are manufactured by pressing (pasting, spreading) or some other method 

Opposite electrodes in lithium ion batteries are separated by a porous polypropylene separator, particularly, of the Celgard material. 

As a rule, the design of lithium ion batteries provides their vibration resistance. In this respect, lithium ion batteries are appropriate for the power supply of the equipment in which they are used. 

Technological procedures in the manufacturing of electrodes and other components and the assembly of batteries are carried out in special dry rooms or in sealed glove boxes in the atmosphere of pure argon. Assembly of batteries involves complex state-of-the-art welding technologies, complex designs of sealed tabs, and so on. 

Lithium ion batteries are generally manufactured (assembled) in the discharged state, that is, the negative electrode is a pure carbon material and the positive electrode is made of lithiated cobalt or nickel oxides or of lithium-manganese spinel. This is because of the fact that lithiated cobalt and nickel oxides, same as lithium-manganese spinels, are much more stable toward exposure to the atmosphere than lithiated carbon materials that interact with oxygen and water from the air vigorously. 

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