Dendrochronological dating

As for the estimated age two chronometric methods, radiocarbon and dendrochronological dating, enable the accurate dating of materials or/and events in the timespan between the present and 10,000 years ago. The... 

Dendrochronologically Dated Samples, in Radiocarbon Variations and Absolute Chronology, pp. 615-618, Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm, 1970. 

Preliminary values for the samples measured by the TAMS method were reported at the Eleventh International Radiocarbon Conference, University of Washington, Seattle. These values were calculated with respect to bristlecone pine dendrochronologically dated wood and thus were expressed as a calibrated value in calendar years b.p. The TAMS values listed in Table II reflect a large number of subsequent measurements and are expressed in years b.p. by using the 5568-year half-life (37). 

Unfortunately, the temporal changes in flux have been too complex for simple modeling and it has been necessary instead to find a way of making direct measurements. Dendrochronologically dated wood (see section below for an explanation of this procedure) has proved ideal for this purpose the tissue of an individual tree ring stops exchanging carbon [1] within a very short time of being formed, thus... 

Kara M., Kr piec M. (2000). Possibilities of dendrochronological dating of early medieval strongholds from the region of Wielkopolska, Dolny Slg.sk and Malopolska, In Polish territories in the tenth century and their significance in the shaping of a new map of Europe H. pp. 303-327, UNIVERSITAS, ISBN 83-7052-710-8, Krakow (in Polish)... 

FIGURE 88 Dating methods. Shortly after the discovery of radioactivity, at the beginning of the twentieth century, it was found that the decay of radioactive elements could be used to keep track of time. Many of the dating techniques developed since then are, therefore, based on radioactive decay phenomena, but others, such as the hydration of obsidian, amino acid racemization, and dendrochronology, are based on other physical, chemical, or biological phenomena. 

Dean, J. S. (1997), Dendrochronology, in Taylor, R. E. and M. J. Aitken (eds.), Chrono-metric Dating in Archaeology, Advances in Archaeological and Museum Science Series, Vol. 2, Plenum, New York. 

The last example of ToF-SIMS analysis of natural fibres is of a structural characterization of wood species for an eventual dendrochronological study [Saito et al. 2008], The aim of this research was to develop a new method to differentiate heartwood and sapwood. In dendrochronology, when bark is not present on the samples, the presence of sapwood is the key to determining felling date. Usually, heartwood and sapwood can easily been differentiated by their colour, with heartwood being much darker. Nevertheless, in the case of... 

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