Deflection frames

The probe beam, multipass system and detector are also mounted in a stable frame. The intracavity frame and the deflection frame are rigidly connected to minimize mechanical vibrations between the two laser beams. The entire setup is sustained by soft cushions to decouple external low frequency vibrations, especially important because a low chopper frequency of 20 Hz was used. Air turbulences are minimized by shielding the whole frame. 

Frame-Mounted. For medium and severe appHcations, when nozzle loads and thermal transients tend to impose high stresses and internal deflections inside the pump, frame-mounted designs are used. Typically, these designs use conventional impellers, but recessed impeller designs are also available (Fig. 5). 

Two cake discharge blades on both sides of each disc are suspended from a frame mounted on the tank. These serve to deflect and guide the cake to the discharge chutes. 

Figure 12. Diagram illustrating the difference between nearside scattering into positive deflection angles 0, and farside scattering into negative . The arrow (chains) represents the initial approach direction of the reagents in center-of-mass frame the gray rectangle represents the spread of impact parameters in the initial plane wave. Most of the 1-TS paths scatter into positive , and most of the 2-TS paths into negative 0.

Figure 14. Classical trajectories for the H + H2(v = l,j = 0) reaction representing a 1-TS (a-d) and a 2-TS reaction path (e-h). Both trajectories lead to H2(v = 2,/ = 5,k = 0) products and the same scattering angle, 0 = 50°. (a-c) 1-TS trajectory in Cartesian coordinates. The positions of the atoms (Ha, solid circles Hb, open circles He, dotted circles) are plotted at constant time intervals of 4.1 fs on top of snapshots of the potential energy surface in a space-fixed frame centered at the reactant HbHc molecule. The location of the conical intersection is indicated by crosses (x). (d) 1-TS trajectory in hyperspherical coordinates (cf. Fig. 1) showing the different H - - H2 arrangements (open diamonds) at the same time intervals as panels (a-c) the potential energy contours are for a fixed hyperradius of p = 4.0 a.u. (e-h) As above for the 2-TS trajectory. Note that the 1-TS trajectory is deflected to the nearside (deflection angle 0 = +50°), whereas the 2-TS trajectory proceeds via an insertion mechanism and is deflected to the farside (0 = —50°).

Deflection No frame member should have a relative... 

Experience indicates that mullions complicate the design and reduce reliable fabrication of blast-resistant frames. If mullions are used, the loads given by Equations 1, 2, and 3 should be used to check the frame mullions and fasteners for compliance with the deflection and stress criteria stated above. 

To prevent failure due to the disengagement of the pane out of the frame, bite or edge engagement depths are required. They are based upon the assumption that the plate will distort as a spheroid surface. At the maximum design center deflection of 15 pane thicknesses, this conservatively approximates the deflection shape function. To be conservative, a 0.5-inch safety margin is added to all calculations. 

Initial member sizes for the rigid frame will be estimated using a SDOF approximation of the frame. These estimated sizes will be used in the more detailed MDOF frame analysis to verify adequacy. Maximum deflection of individual members as well as frame sidesway will be used to evaluate the adequacy of the selected members. 

Note The basic structural elements typically include the foundation, pump structures and motor frames. Typically the deflection of the foundation will represent less than 5 percent of the total deflection of the structural elements. If foundation data is not available when the analysis is being conducted, a mutually agreed upon value shall be used. 

In the first pilot test, 12 metric tons of 14-40 mesh (1.4-0.4 mm) SMZ, manufactured at a cost of about 460 per metric ton, was used as the barrier material. Intensive sampling showed that much of the contaminant plume was being deflected under and around the SMZ barrier. Hydraulic testing failed to conclusively isolate the cause(s) of the flow restriction but suggested that a partially plugged barrier frame, along with a possible decrease in SMZ permeability, were responsible. 

For the second pilot test, the 14-40 SMZ was excavated from the frame, a nylon screen on the barrier frame was removed, and two sections of the frame were refilled with 8-14 mesh (2.4-1.4 mm) SMZ. The remaining one-third of the frame was filled with iron/SMZ pellets as part of another project. After steady water flow was reestablished, chromate and PCE were injected over a period of eight weeks. No plume deflection occurred in the test with the 8-14 SMZ. The SMZ fully intercepted the contaminant plume and prevented migration of contaminants downgradient of the barrier. Near the end of the test, chromate and PCE were detected in samplers installed in the upgradient portion of the SMZ. The estimated retardation factors for chromate and PCE in the pilot test were 44 and 39, respectively. These retardation factors are very close to the values of 42 and 29 for chromate and PCE predicted from laboratory sorption isotherm experiments. 

The 8 x 9 in panels stressed by mounting on a steel bending frame to get 0.25-in deflection at the center of a 6-in span V -in joint overlap is at center of span. 

Fig. 31 AFM deflection images of P[(S)-LA] thin film with a thickness of about 30 nm, taken during isothermal crystallization at 165 °C on the AFM heating stage. In this sequence, the first frame (a) was taken at 7.5 min after the temperature reached 165 °C, and the following frames were taken at 15 (b), 22.5 (c), 30 (d), 50 (e), and 120 min (f), after reaching 165 °C [93]...

This RE is radially unstable if j / 2mr ) + V r) is a maximum, radially stable if it is a minimum. If an unstable RE occurs, the deflection function 0/ =/(h,), [41,76], displays rainbows (0/ is the final angle of exit of the particle in the inertial frame, h,- is the initial impact parameter). The structure of these rainbows is well known in the classical or quantum cases [77]. For such an integrable Hamiltonian like equation (45), there are as many singularities (rainbows) of the deflection function as integer numbers each singularity is characterized by an increase by 1 of k = mod(0/, 2ti). There is one impact parameter b such that... 

In a frame of reference fixed with respect to an oblique shock, let ip be the angle between the approach velocity and the shock plane and 3 be the deflection angle of the flow upon passage through the shock, as illustrated in Figure 6.9 for the wave labeled incident shock. For an ideal gas with constant specific heats, it is then readily shown [94] that in the adopted frame,... 

Fig. 18. Average fractional energy transfer of diretly scattered oxygen atoms as a function of deflection angle, x. for i i) = 47 kJ mol and 6i = 60° (circles). The dashed line is the hard-sphere model prediction based on the effective surface mass, ms, shown. The solid line is the revised prediction after the hard-sphere model is corrected for the internal excitation of the interacting surface fragment. The correction is derived from a kinematic analysis of scattering in the c.m. reference frame.

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