Defined contribution

The approach is nothing other than the analogue of the more general concept of defined contribution now widely recommended by many economists for the purchase of health insurance (Pauly et al. 1991). Under that approach, government or employers make a defined contribution to an individual s purchase of private health insurance, leaving the individual to pay the full difference between that contribution and the insurance premium actually charged by the private insurer. 

Remarkably, however, economists can be found who reject the idea of reference pricing on two grounds (see, e.g., Danzon 2000 and 2001, and the series of essays in Lopez-Casasnovas and Jbnsson 2001). That opposition comes even from economists who favor the idea of defined contributions for health insurance (see, e.g., Danzon, coauthor in Pauly et al. 1991). 

Before we present some analytical solutions for simplified cases let us consider the general case where monomers react with substitution effect. (An example of such a monomer might be, say, 2,6-toluilenediisocyanate). In reactions I-IX there are four rate constants. We can define contributions to rate constants from the units, thus... 

Defined Contribution Plans These are quite different. They do not guarantee a certain amount of pension benefit. Instead, they set out circumstances under which the employer will make a contribution to a plan on your behalf. The most common example is the 40 l(k) savings plan. Pension benefits are not guaranteed under these plans. 

The average is taken over the initial states of the radiation-target system. Consequently, the cross-section appears as the sum of two well-defined contributions, called coherent and incoherent. 

Serious responsibility for financing much of one s own retirement begins earlier and lasts longer in a defined-contribution plan than it does in a... 

Defined-contribution pension schemes take three main forms, which are 401k, profit-sharing, and money-purchase plans. Some employers supplement them with defined benefit plans, employee stock purchase plans, or stock options. 

When an electron beam passes through a gas, the electrons are scattered and give rise to a diffraction pattern, which contains information on the molecular structure of the gas molecules. The diffraction pattern is recorded on a photographic plate, and can be analysed by a computer treatment, in which the intensity distribution is compared with theoretically derived patterns given by various structural models. The undulation pattern can be ascribed to the sharply defined scattering from the nuclear positions, and has to be subtracted from the background ascribed to the much less well-defined contribution from the continuous distribution of electron density in the molecule. For molecules that may assume more than one conformation, an overlap of the pattern from the various conformers is obtained. The radial distribution function contains peaks rather than lines, and the peak width... 

Participation is Defined Contribution and Defined Benefit Retirement Plans... 

Among all workers, participation in defined benefit plans has fallen while participation in defined contribution plans has risen. In defined benefit plans, companies promise to pay workers a specified amount in retirement benefits. In defined contribution plans, companies promise to contribute a specified amount, but make no assurance as to the final payout. Among all workers, there has been a decrease in the percentage covered by defined benefit ( payout ) plans and an increase in the percentage covered by defined contribution ( pay in ) plans. For more and more workers, this means that risk — in terms of steady retirement income — has been transferred from the employer to the eventual retiree (Figure A4.8). 

We also define contributions to the heat capacities per molecule ... 

For systems formed of two associated liquids, there are no reliable methods of isotherms calculation. An empirical method has been proposed, which is based on the assumption that each associated component mixed with the other associated component that does not interact chemically with the first one introduces the rigorously defined contribution into deviation from the volume-fractional additivity. The extent of these deviations for the first representatives of the series of aliphatic carbonic acids and alcohols of normal structure, as well as for some phenols, are given elsewhere. ... 

B) in the case of a defined contribution plan, the cessation of allocations to an employee s account, or the reduction of the rate at which amounts are allocated to an employee s account, because of age. 

A) The terms employee pension benefit plan , defined benefit plan , defined contribution plan , and normal retirement age have the meanings provided such terms in section 1002 of this title [section 3 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of1974]. 

Optimal solution of integral model, in the best way conforming to reality, is differs in every particular case. Searching of such solution consists in determination of weighting coefficients, which allows maximum objectively to define contribution of the factors of the every single group. 

These heat changes (endothermic upon heating) are thought to be due to the molecular disassociation of the hnks, for example multiple helices to random coils coupled with ill-defined contributions from disordering of the structures. 

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