Defect chemistry of nonlinear optical

Defect Chemistry of Nonlinear Optical Oxide Crystals... 

The defect chemistry of nonlinear optical oxide crystals can affect many of the materials properties required for device applications. Applications of these crystals,... 

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current understanding of the defect chemistry of nonlinear optical oxide crystals and specifically the relationship of the defects present to 1) the structure and growth, or processing, of the material and 2) the properties of interest for device applications. The defects in traditional nonlinear optical oxide crystals (i.e. BaTiC>3, LiNbC>3, Sri-xBaxNb206, Ba2NaNb50l5, K3Li2Nb50l5) are reviewed. Our recent work on the defect chemistry of new... 

In the field of polymer chemistry the regio- and stereoselectivity of the Diels-Alder reaction is used for the concerted synthesis of structurally homogeneous double-stranded ladder polymers [39], which are useful materials with nonlinear optical properties and high electrical conductivity. It has turned out that the repeated Diels-Alder method is superior to an alternative two-step process, in which first an open chain precursor is formed followed by polymer ring closure as structural defects can occur [40]. 

Most of the clusters prepared today have this problem of surface defects, which hinders not only the fundamental study of the size-dependent oscillator strength but also technological applications in the nonlinear optical area (Section IV). Quantitative understanding of the physics and chemistry of these clusters can be advanced if single-size clusters are prepared. The recent successful synthesis of C60 and C70 clusters and the subsequent explosion of research best illustrate this point [53]. Similar success has been achieved with CdS clusters [39], as discussed in the following section. 

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