Optical Defects

What is colossal magnetoresistance What defects commonly color gemstones  

---

A colorimeter can, therefore, be employed in a dual capacity (a) to investigate the validity of Beer s Law by varying c, and c2 and noting whether equation (11) applies, and (b) for the determination of an unknown concentration c2 of a coloured solution by comparison with a solution of known concentration c,. It must be emphasised that equation (11) is valid only if Beer s Law is obeyed over the concentration range employed and the instrument has no optical defects. 

The first four chapters introduce basic concepts that are developed to build up a framework for understanding defect chemistry and physics. Thereafter, chapters focus rather more on properties related to applications. Chapter 5 describes diffusion in solids Chapter 6, ionic conductivity Chapters 7 and 8 the important topics of electronic conductivity, both intrinsic (Chapter 7) and extrinsic (Chapter 8). The final chapter gives a selected account of magnetic and optical defects. 

C. E. Nebel, Transport and Defect Properties of Intrinsic and Boron-Doped Diamond MiloS Neslddek, Ken Haenen and Milan VanSSek, Optical Properties of CVD Diamond Rolf Sauer, Luminescence from Optical Defects and Impurities in CVD Diamond... 

Overview on principle and working of optical defectivity tools. Available at http // www.kla-tencor.com/j/servlet/HomePage version = flash. 

Soft lenses are made of hydrophilic hydrogel polymers that contain 36-74% water. Other plastics and copolymers are added to alter the physical characteristics of the lens. The diameter is 10.5-15.5 mm and the thickness at the center 0.03-20 mm. Soft lenses can correct most optical defects, including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Bifocal lenses are also available. They can be colored with either transparent hnes or opaque patterns to change apparent eye color or to mask malformations of the cornea or iris. They are available for daily, weekly, and twice-weekly disposable nse, 1-3 months frequent replacement, and annual replacement. 

Hard lenses are made from gas-permeable materials that contain silicon and fluorine. They can correct most optical defects and have diameters of 8-10 mm. 

---