Decabrom

DecabromodiphenylOxide. Decabromodiphenyl oxide [1163-19-5] (decabrom) is the largest volume bromiaated flame retardant used solely as an additive. It is prepared by the bromination of diphenyl oxide ia neat bromine usiag AlCl as a catalyst (32). The bromination may also be carried out ia an iaert solvent such as methylene dibromide [74-95-3] (33). The commercially available grades are >98% decabromodiphenyl oxide with the remainder being the nonabromo species. 

Decabrom has poor uv stabiUty ia styrenic resias and causes significant discoloration. The use of uv stabilizers can minimize, but not eliminate, this effect. For styrenic apphcations that require uv stabiUty, several other brominated flame retardants are more suitable. In polyolefins, the uv stabiUty of decabrom is more easily improved by the use of stabilizers. 

TetrabromobisphenoIA. Tetrabromobisphenol A [79-94-7] (TBBPA) is the largest volume bromiaated flame retardant. TBBPA is prepared by bromination of bisphenol A under a variety of conditions. When the bromination is carried out ia methanol, methyl bromide [74-80-9] is produced as a coproduct (37). If hydrogen peroxide is used to oxidize the hydrogen bromide [10035-10-6] HBr, produced back to bromine, methyl bromide is not coproduced (38). TBBPA is used both as an additive and as a reactive flame retardant. It is used as an additive primarily ia ABS systems, la ABS, TBBPA is probably the largest volume flame retardant used, and because of its relatively low cost is the most cost-effective flame retardant. In ABS it provides high flow and good impact properties. These benefits come at the expense of distortion temperature under load (DTUL) (39). DTUL is a measure of the use temperature of a polymer. TBBPA is more uv stable than decabrom and uv stable ABS resias based oa TBBPA are produced commercially. 

The use of RMRs for quantitation by glc/ms/comp has been used successfully in repeated applications to similar research problems (3-6), Typical RMRs listed in Table II are mean values of three injections of each of three replicate standard mixtures. They must be determined for each instrument and day-to-day variations are sometimes large enough to require daily recalibration. This is particularly true of compounds (e.g., Decabrom) for which the RMRs were calculated from peak areas generated by monitoring high mass ions where the instrument is less stable. 

Decabrom, Tetrabrom, and Firemaster 680. All of these compounds are amenable to analysis by selected ion monitor glc/ms/comp. However, substantially lower detection limits for TRIS were attained using glc/ecd. Thin-layer chromatography was used for the analysis of Decabrom in some air samples collected during a preliminary study. 

Blank and spiked samples were created by pipeting standard amounts of TRIS and Decabrom onto 10 cm2 areas (2x5 cm) of glass fiber filter leaving blank (2x5 cm) blocks between each spiked area. The filter was then used to collect a 2038 m3 air sample in the Research Triangle Park, NC. This filter was shipped to the field and returned for analysis. The results of analysis of areas of the filter are shown in Table IV. These results indicate the overall recoveries for sampling, shipping and storage as well as extraction recovery from this filter. 

Denivelle L, Fort R, Hai PV (1960), Bull. Soc. Chim. France 5. serie 1538-1543. Sur les dibenzo-p-dioxines octachloree et octabromde et sur les oxydes de phenyle ddcachlord et decabrome" Doucette WJ, Andren AW (1988a), Chemosphere 17 243-252. Aqueous solubility of selected biphenyl, furan, and dioxin congeners"... 

Dodecaborat(2—) Bis-[tetramethyl-ammonium]-decabrom-l, 12-dicarboxy- XlII/3c, 149... 

When compared with active flame retardants, such as decabrom (see below), the addition of 10% decabrom resnlted in a delay of burning time of the sample to 5 50", with 15, 20, or 30% decabrom the samples did not burn at all. The sample with 10% decabrom and 2.5% antimony oxide did not burn as well. Understandably, the sample with 12% decabrom and 3.5% antimony oxide did not burn too. 

Decabrom and antimony oxide were tested as flame retardants with HDPE-based composite materials. Tests were conducted according to ASTM D 635 (plank size of 125 X 13 X 7 mm, 75 mm of length flame spreading). Decabrom in amounts of 12 to 20-30% prevented the composite from burning, with or without added antimony oxide (2.5-3.5%). 10% decabrom did not prevent burning, but in the presence of... 

DECA Decabrom Decabrome Decabromobiphenyl ether Decabromo-biphenyl oxide Decabromodiphenyl ether. See Decabromodiphenyl oxide... 

Synonyms Bis (pentabromophenyl) ether DBDPO DECA Decabrom Decabrome Decabromobiphen] ether Decabromobiphenyl oxide Decabromodiphenyl ether Decabromophenyl ether 1,1 -0xybis (2,3,4,5,6-pentabromobenzene) Pentabromophenyl ether Empirical C,2Br,oO... 

DEB-M. See Diethylboron methoxide Debricin. SeeFicin DEC. See Diethyl carbonate Dec. See Decahydronaphthalene DECA Decabrom Decabrome. See Decabromodiphenyl oxide Decabromobiphenyl CAS 13654-09-6 Empirical BrioCi2 Uses Flame retardant Manuf./Distrib. Atofina SA http //www.atofina.com... 

The presents of acetylene soot- Xi, threoxid surema - Xi, decabrom-feniloxid - - Xa were the independent variables. The response function is quantity of measureing characteristic in the time of verifying independent variables. 

Figure 10.1 TEM images of PMMA and the FR blend 20% decabrome and 5% antimony trioxide (a) without the addition of clays and (b) and with the addition of 5% Cloisite 20A. (b-1) Higher magnification of section delineated by the box in (b) where the clay platelets are marked. Reproduced from Ref. [7] with permission from Elsevier.

FR was greatly improved (Figure 10.1). As a result of the improved dispersion, only 5% Cloisite clay, together with 20% decabrome and 5% antimony trioxides, was needed to pass the UL-94 VO protocol with a sample 1.6 mm thick. Wang, Echols, and Wilkie reported that a concentration of more than 40% dibromostyrene in polypropylene was needed to achieve the same result in the absence of clay [16]. 

---