DBD, DNA binding domain

BRCT BRCAl C-terminus-like DBD DNA-binding domain dPARP Drosophila PARP MPTP l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine NAD+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAm Nicotinamide NLS Nuclear locahzation signal OAADPR O-acetyl-ADP-ribose PAR Poly(ADP-ribose) PARG Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase PARP Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase PARylation poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation... 

Fig. 15.3-2 Domain organization of the NRs. Shown are the basic structural modules comprising an NR (AF-1, activation function-1 DBD, DNA binding domain ...

SHRs are built in a modular structure with similar structure elements. They contain a DNA-binding domain (DBD), a hinge region with a nuclear location signal (NLS), a ligand-binding domain (LBD) and several transcriptional activation functions (Fig. 1). 

Sequences farther upstream from the start site determine how frequently the transcription event occurs. Mutations in these regions reduce the frequency of transcriptional starts tenfold to twentyfold. Typical of these DNA elements are the GC and CAAT boxes, so named because of the DNA sequences involved. As illustrated in Figure 37—7, each of these boxes binds a protein, Spl in the case of the GC box and CTF (or C/EPB,NF1,NFY) by the CAAT box both bind through their distinct DNA binding domains (DBDs). The frequency of transcription initiation is a consequence of these protein-DNA interactions and complex interactions between particular domains of the transcription factors (distinct from the DBD domains—so-called activation domains ADs) of these proteins and the rest of the transcription machinery (RNA polymerase II and the basal factors TFIIA, B, D, E, F). (See... 

These nuclear receptors have several common structural features (Figure 43-12). All have a centrally located DNA-binding domain (DBD) that allows the receptor to bind with high affinity to a response element. The DBD contains two zinc finger binding motifs (see Figure 39-14) that direct binding either as homodimers, as heterodimers (usually with a retinoid X... 

DNA binding domain (DBD). When ligand binds to the NR, it translocates into the nucleus, the DBD binds to the GAL4 response element (GAL4RE) driving lucifer-ease transcription. The produced luciferase provides a subsequent detectable fluorescent signal. 

ER/J was cloned by chance, since it was found through the use of probes aimed at hybridizing with the most conserved part of the nuclear receptors - the DNA binding domain (DBD) - trying to find related sequences. This procedure has expanded the family of nuclear receptors to more than 100 members. Thus, the discovery of ER/1 in rat prostate by the Gustafsson group was a surprise (Kuiper et al. 1996 Nilsson et al. 2001). 

Yeast cells can exist as haploids of opposite mating types (either a or a). When an a and an a cell are allowed to mate, they form a diploid cell (a/a). To study interactions between two proteins, cDNA sequences of a protein of interest (PT1) are expressed as a fusion protein, linked to a DNA-binding domain (DBD) of a yeast gene-transcript activator in a haploid cell (e.g., a). cDNA sequences corresponding to another test protein (PT2) are linked to the Continued on next page)... 

Figure 4.5 NCE/ESI QTOF-MS and tandem MS electropherograms of DNA-binding domain of human TTAGGG repeat binding factor 2 (hTRF2 DBD) protein. (A) Mass electropherogram of hTRF2 DBD [M+ 5H]S+ ion at m/z 1509, and (B) top-down by CID MS/MS of ion corresponding to the peak number 5 at 10.88 min [8],...

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