Dark ageing

During the Middle (Dark) Ages, wine and winemaking along with other sacraments and knowledge were husbanded in cloisters and enclaves which maintained the pockets of sophistication that enabled the later flowering of the Renaissance (9,10). Wine became further associated with art, letters, religion, and culture, and it remains so. 

Other problems with the Hansch method are that biological systems are often too crude as models for its application, or the electronic effects operative in a drug molecule are not sufficiently understood or precise. Finally, the method requires considerable time and expense, even in the hands of an expert. Difficulties notwithstanding, the Hansch approach took both chemists and pharmacologists out of the dark age of pure empiricism and allowed them to consider simultaneously the effects of a large number of variables of drug activity—a feat unattainable with classical methods. 

Shocked into cultural insecurity by the fall of Rome, the medieval West emerged from the trauma of the Dark Ages with a reverence for the scholars of antiquity that conflated their beliefs with the doctrines of Christianity. The word of Aristotle became imbued with God s authority, and to question it was tantamount to blasphemy. Not until the late seventeenth century did the discoveries of Galileo, Newton, and Descartes restore the Western world s ability to think for itself about how the universe was arranged. 

The heart of innovation is ideas. To quote a historic Dow R D leader, John Grebe Ideas are among God s most precious gifts without them we d still be living in the Dark Ages. They separate man from all other creatures. He went on to say Listen carefully and keep an open mind. Perhaps you can... 

As Europe began its slow emergence from the Dark Ages in the sixteenth century, opium began to reappear in medical journals on the continent. A century later, an English apothecary named Thomas Sydenham introduced Sydenham s Laudanum, pills made from opium, sherry, and herbs. They were popular remedies for a variety of ills. 

EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION THE ORIGIN OF ANCIENT GEMSTONES OF THE DARK AGES... 

The priest frankly proclaims that the is God s vicar, and that he stands in relation to Mary precisely as the Holy Ghost did. Nearly every man in Protestantism assures himself of the same relation, but sets about the fulfilment in a slightly different way. Who is to say WHAT constitutes a "divine" marriage Is not the whole thing, from start to finish, a superstitio, pure and simple, coming down to us from the Dark Ages ... 

The effects of spreading oil on the surface of water were known already to mariners in antiquity [1], They carried casks of oil on their ships to be dumped into the water in case of storm, which had a soothing effect on the waves. This practice was not forgotten through Dark Ages, and was mentioned, for example, in the Venerable Bede s Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation [2], and even survived into modern times. 

There has never been a time when a darkroom needed to be painted black. This is an idea held over from the—dare I say it —Dark Ages. 

When my interest returned and we began researching the analytical applications of CD in the 70 s, I felt I had a head start. But there was so much that was new. A great deal had happened to CD over the years as it matured and expanded to include the far-UV the study of optical activity in excited state emissions, and in vibrational and Raman spectroscopy and the evolution of new empirical models applicable to the interpretation of the structural properties of macromolecules. Most important of all, perhaps, was the arrival of high tech electronics and materials which had brought CD instrumentation out of the dark ages. And now, ironically, almost 35 years after my introduction to CD, my special interest is the exploitation of chiral transition metal complexes as chirality induction reagents in chemical analysis. 

Scientific pursuits in early Christian Rome became dormant for centuries. With the fall of the Roman Empire, the "civilized world" was thrown into chaos. Thus began "The Dark Ages."... 

Figure 13 Schematic showing the timescales for various events through the Dark Ages of the Hadean.

LITTLE MEDIEVAL DARK AGES ROMAN WARM... 

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