Damping design modifications

Furthermore, design modifications to the STR were also considered equipping the STR with marbles to ensure a larger distribution of the gel beads inside the reactor while damping down the shearing effect of the Rushton impeller and equipping the STR with a perforated stainless still cylinder that confines the beads in the external cavity between the reactor walls and the impeller zone. A description of the explained configurations is shown in Fig. 1. 

Resonance of equipment such as piping, instrumentation and core internals at the frequency of the dominant modes of supporting structures should be avoided as far as is practicable. In some cases, where the response of equipment, although significant, cannot in practice be reduced by other means, the damping of the system may be increased by means of suitable design modifications. 

The chapter starts by analysing viscoelastic models, to show how the different phenomena are connected. This is followed by engineering design calculations of the creep deflections of viscoelastic structures, using modifications of methods for elastic materials. Finally, vibration damping and energy losses in cyclic loading are considered. 

Fu and Cherry (1999, 2000) proposed a simplified design method that leads to a code compatible procedure for a friction-damped steel braced frame system. First, they developed the method for a SDOF system based on establishing an equivalent ductility-related force modification... 

Seismic actions Horizontal components Design response spectra (Sa) generally determined by the ground seismic acceleration, importance factor, at characteristic design periods, damping modification factor. It has different shapes for design periods, depending on these cutoffs 5... 

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