Cytotoxic cardenolide

Ankli, A., Heilmann, J., Heinrich, M. and Sticher, O. (2000) Cytotoxic cardenolides and antibacterial terpenoids from Crossopetalum gaumeri. Phytochemistry, 54, 531-7. 

Hembree, J.A., Chang, C.-J., McLaughlin, J.L., Peck, G. and Cassady, J. (1979) Potential antitumor agents A cytotoxic cardenolide from Coronilla varia. J. Nat. Prod., 49, 293-98. 

Laphookhieo, S., Cheenpracha, S., Karalai, C., Chantrapromma, S., Rat-a-pa, Y, Ponglimanont, C. and Chantrapromma, K. (2004) Cytotoxic cardenolide glycoside from the seeds of Cerbera odollam. Phytochem., 65, 507-10. 

Among the compounds related to triterpene recently isolated from the Celastraceae family cytotoxic cardenolides and a possible Diels-Alder adduct have been reported in the literature by Ankli et al. [59] and our research group [60]. 

From the roots of Crossopetalum gaumeri Ankli and coworkers isolated four highly cytotoxic cardenolides. The methanol extract was fractionated using cytotoxicity against a KB cell line. The compounds showed characteristic signals for a butenolactone ring in its H-NMR... 

Digoxigenin glycoside) (cardenolide, cardiac glycoside) (Scrophulariaceae) [leaf] cytotoxic (< 0.1), toxic]... 

N Kaneda, H Chai, JM Pezznto, AD Kinghom, NR Farnsworth, P Tnchinda, J Udchachon, T Sunstisuk, V Rentraknl. Cytotoxic activity of cardenolides from Beanmontia brevi-tuba stems. Planta Medica 58 429-431, 1992. 

Interest in the possible cytotoxic activity of the amino-glyco-cardenolides has led to the synthesis of 3/S-(4 -amino-4, 6 -dideoxy-) -D-galactopyranosyl)-14j5-hydroxy-5) -card-20(22)-enolide (33) and the 2-amino-2-deoxy- -D-gluco-pyranosides of digitoxigenin, of strophanthidine (34), and of pregnenolone. ... 

For instance, cardenolide glycosides, such as 2 -acetylneriifolin, exhibited a specific pattern of cytotoxic activity in the NCI panel of cell lines (54). Certain cell lines, particularly those among the non-small-cell lung, brain tumor, and renal-cell lines are exceptionally sensitive to 2 -acetylneriifolin, whereas most of the leukemia and colon cell lines were less sensitive to it. From the similar pattern of activity produced by crude extracts of plants of the classes Apocyanaceae and Asclepiadaceae, NCI scientists concluded in this study that similar cardenolide glycosides are present in these extracts. 

Recent studies on Asclepias curassavica [197], and Bersama abyssinica [198, 199] have shown that bufadienolides and cardenolides are cytotoxic and that hellebrigenin 3-acetate (XLIX) inhibits W 256 at 8 mg/kg. Structure-activity relationship studies on bufadienolides and cardenolides have failed to reveal the structural features required for activity [194]. 

Piacente, S., Masullo, M., De Ne ve N., Dewelle, J., Hamed,A., Kiss, R., Mijatovic, T. (2009). Cardenolides from Pergularia tomentosa display cytotoxic activity resulting from their potent inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase. J.NatProd, 72,1087-1091. 

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