Cytoplasmic RNA

Those cytoplasmic RNA molecules that serve as templates for protein synthesis (ie, that transfer genetic information from DNA to the protein-synthesizing machinery) are designated messenger RNAs, or mRNAs. Many other cytoplasmic RNA molecules (ribosomal RNAs rRNAs) have strucmral roles wherein they con-... 

Hunt, S. L., Hsuan, J. J., Totty, N., and Jackson, R. J. (1999). Unr, a cellular cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein with five cold-shock domains, is required for internal initiation of translation of human rhinovirus RNA. Genes Dev. 13, 437—448. 

In this method the cells are lysed by incubation in a hypotonic solution, which leaves the nuclei intact. The cell debris and nuclei are pelleted by centrifugation leaving the cytoplasmic RNA free from DNA in the supernatant. The RNA is released from the polysomes by incubation with proteinase K and the protein extracted into phenol/chloroform. The RNA is then precipitated from the aqueous phase using ethanol. 

Orotic acid incorporation into nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA is decreased in polycythemic mice [136]. Aflatoxin Bi, a known hepatocarcinogen which induced polysomal disaggregation in the livers of rats, also inhibits the in vivo incorporation of intraperitoneally injected orotic acid into liver RNA [137]. On the other hand, the incorporation of orotic acid into free nucleotides and the RNA of the monkey kidney is rapidly increased twofold after castration and is restored to normal within seven days by the administration of testosterone [134]. It is of interest to note that, in experiments with rats, administration of orotic... 

Mayer, G., Blind, M., Nagel, W., Bohm, T., Knorr, T., Jackson, C.L., Kolanus, W. and Famulok, M. (2001) Controlling small guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor function through cytoplasmic RNA intramers, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 4961-4965. 

DaRocha, W.D., Otsu, K., Teixeira, S.M. and Donelson, J.E. (2004) Tests of cytoplasmic RNA interference (RNAi) and construction of a tetracycline-inducible T7 promoter system in Trypanosoma cruzi. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 1 33, 1 75-186. 

McAllister CS, Samuel CE (2009) The RNA-activated protein kinase enhances the induction of interferon-beta and apoptosis mediated by cytoplasmic RNA sensors. J Biol Chem 284 1644-1651... 

Ribonucleic acids are found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm RNA is located mainly in small spherical organelles known as ribosomes, which consist of about 65% RNA and 35% protein. 

RNA ribonucleic acid mRNA messenger RNA rRNA ribosomal RNA scRNA small cytoplasmic RNA snRNA small nuclear RNA tRNA transfer RNA RNAse ribonuclease Ser serine T thymine Thr threonine... 

Sedimentation coefficient Svedberg unit Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate S-adenosylmethionine Small cytoplasmic RNA... 

DNase and ablated with both enzymes (Zhang et al., 1999), suggests that targets of oxidative attack include both cytoplasmic RNA and mitochondrial DNA. Of particular interest are the findings that concentrations of 8-OHG in CSF of PD patients are higher than in age-matched controls however, serum concentrations of 8-OHG appear highly variable (Abe etal.,2003). 

Fig. 10.24. Gel electrophoresis in discontinuous polyacrylamide gel (3.5 and 10% gels set in tandem, with the concentration discontinuity at the point indicated) of mitochondrial RNA after exposure to the inhibitor cordycepin (cytoplasmic RNA synthesis previously stopped with actinomycin D). From top to bottom, analyses of ( H)-uridine-labeled RNA, 30, 90 and 180 min after addition of cordycepin (Penman...

Vanadyl-ribonucleoside complex method for preparation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA... 

Berger, S.L. (1987). Isolation of cytoplasmic RNA ribonucleoside-vanadyl complexes. Meth. Enzymol. 152, 227-234. 

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