Cytochrome organophosphate metabolism

Fumes B, Schlenk D. Extrahepatic metabolism of carbamate and organophosphate thioether compounds by the flavin-containing monooxygenase and cytochrome P450 systems. Drug Metab Dispos 2005 33 214—218. 

Mineral oils and PAOs found in hydraulic fluids are not anticipated to undergo appreciable metabolism. There is some evidence that organophosphate esters are oxidized by cytochrome P450 and then form conjugates and are excreted. 

Organophosphates (OPs), introduced in 1944, and carbamates, introduced in 1956, remain widely used and effective insecticides although not free from resistance problems. Metabolic resistance to OPs was reported 14 years after their introduction, compared to only 7 years for DDT and 5 for the carbamates. The complex metabolic fate of the OPs, including attack by cytochrome P-450 leading either to activation or detoxification, as well as by glutathione transferases and esterases, may play a role in this delay. Carbamates are not bioactivated they are detoxified by cytochrome P-450. 

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