CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms

Qi, X. 1., Huang, Y., Wang, Y. Q. et al. (2004). Association of plasma sodium phenytoin concentration with CYP2C19 gene polymorphism. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 13( 10), 922-5. 

Bozdag G, Alp A, Saribas Z, Tuncer S, Aksu T, Gurgan T (2010) CYP17 and CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms in patients with endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 20 286-290... 

Zhou B, Song Z, Qian M, Li L, Gong J, Zou S (2013) Functional polymorphisms in the CYP2C19 gene contribute to digestive system cancer risk evidence from 11,042 subjects. PLoS One 8 e66865... 

Polymorphisms in the CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genes have been studied in 292 Tamils who were taking phenytoin, 58 of whom had phenytoin toxicity [244. Risk ratios were calculated for each mutant CYP2C9 genotype separately, and the adjusted odds ratio for CYP2C9 l/ 3 allele was 15 (95% Cl = 5.8, 40) for intoxicated patients compared with the others. 

Wang SC, Ho IK, Tsou HH, Liu SW, Hsiao CF, Chen CH, et al. Functional genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19 gene in relation to cardiac side effects and treatment dose in a methadone maintenance cohort. Omics October 2013 17(10) 519-26. 

Lapatinib had been shown ex vivo to be primarily metabolized by CYP3A4/5 with a minor contribution from CYP2C19, and to be a substrate of the transporters MDRl(ABCBl) and BCRP(ABCG2). A hypothesis was proposed whereby polymorphisms in these genes would be associated with a propensity to develop rash and/or diarrhea. 

Some enzymes—notably CYP2C9 and CYP2C19—are encoded by genes which contain polymorphisms that alter structure and catalytic function of the enzyme rather than altering the level of expression for 2C9 and 2C19 the range of catalytic variation in vivo is determined much more by the polymorphisms that alter enzyme structure than by the genetic and environmental factors that alter expression levels of the enzyme. 

CYP2C19 [68] is also a polymorphic gene located on chromosome 10, with three major alleles. The most frequent allele is 1 and it has normal activity. Two alleles with no activity, 2 and 3, were initially described. The 2 allele is particularly frequent in East Asians approximately 10% to 25% of East Asians are CYP2C19 PMs. Less than 5% of subjects from other races are CYP2C19 PMs [68]. Alleles 4 to 8 are inactive but... 

The CYP2C9 gene is adjacent to that of CYP2C19 and is also polymorphic. CYP2C9 is also involved in drug metabolism of relevance to medicine... 

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