Cylinder reactor

A rotating-cylinder reactor is often used where the entire polymerization reaction chamber is rotated horizontally about its long axis while immersed in a constant-temperature bath. This requires only a minimum amount of stirring, or possibly no stirring at all. The particles would be kept in suspension strictly through the rotation of the reactor, which is variable over a small rpm range. 

The rotating-cylinder reactor is basically a piston/cylinder dilatometer. It can be filled completely with a swollen latex, eliminating any air-liquid interface. The variation of the latex volume as a function of temperature and degree of polymerization can be monitored continuously. A thermocouple is used to follow the latex temperature within the reactor. 

A cutaway drawing of the rotating-cylinder reactor is shown in Fig. 35. The mechanical aspects of the reactor system were designed to provide temperature control, fluid containment, and process measurements. The apparatus consists of a stainless steel (SS) holder and glass cylinder in which rides an SS piston, sealed by two Viton O-rings. Piston movements is monitored by a linear variable differential transformer (type 250 HCD, Schaevetz Engineering) attached to the piston and fixed relative to the cylinder. 

Fig. 35. Schematic diagram of the rotating-cylinder reactor. 1, thermometer 2, temperature controller 3, housing 4, reactor inlet bolt 5, stirrer 6, temperature sensor 7, bearing 8, temperature sensor wire leads 9, stirrer shaft belt 10, stirrer motor 11, reactor holder 12, reaction chamber 13, water jacket inlet 14, O-ring 15, volume sensor 16, volume sensor wire leads 17, rotating chamber belt 18, rotating chamber motor 19, base place 20, reactor outlet bolt 21, water jacket outlet. (Reprinted with permission from Chem. Eng. Sci. 43,2025, J. H. Kim, E. D. Sudol, M. S. El-Aasser, J. W. Vanderhoff, Copyright 1988, Pergamon Press pic.)...

Design parameters for novel reactors such as rotating-cylinder reactors, thin-film reactors, propeller loop reactors, screw reactors, and multidisk reac-... 

While the experiments under quiescent conditions show the effect of diffusion control, the study by Agarwal and Khakhar [32] of polymerization of PPDT in a coaxial cylinder reactor with a uniform shear flow, most clearly illustrate the role of shearing and orientation on the polymerization. Figure 2 shows the... 

The specific MEMS reactors to be tested have been fabricated in an SCT-like mode and a bank of cylinders mode. Currently, the cylinders reactor has been tested and has shown operation nearly isothermal for the Prox reaction. Figure 7.11 shows a scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of the tested MEMS reactor where the flow is perpendicular to the cylinders as well as other substrates fabricated. This system differs from microchannel reactors and others in that there are no continuous channels where fully developed flow can exist.61... 

Imamura et al. [28] describe a concentric cylinder reactor in which one cylinder is rotated. The axial flow rale and rotational speed are such to generate flows with Taylcn vortices which save to narrow the residence time and particle size distributions. The reactor is also claimed to be useful for continuous suspension polymerization. 

Hot Primary Salt Thermal Blanket Cool Salt Annulus Reactor Vessel Guard Vessel Collector Cylinder Reactor Silo... 

THE PROBLEM An undivided rotating cylinder reactor is operated in a batch recycle loop to process a batch of 0.2 m every 8 hours. The cylinder is 1 m long and 0.1 m in radius the interelectrode gap is 0.05 m. The reaction takes place under mass transfer limiting conditions. If the maximum rotation speed of the cylinder is 150 rpm, determine whether the operation is feasible if the required conversion is to be 80%. If so, what is the required rotation speed and what is the maximum conversion possible Assume that axial flow in the reactor can be ignored. The kinematic viscosity v is 1.1 X 10" m /s and the Schmidt number Sc is 2500. 

EXAMPLE 2.3. Mass Transfer Characteristics of a Rotating Cylinder Reactor with Axial Flow... 

Figure 5. Main features of the device for formation of radial gradient of process duration in the centrifugal field (chemical reaction/exchange diffusion) on the lens surface (diametrical cross-section) 1 cylinder reactor, 2 lid 3 gasket 4 immovable pipe/air eliminator for injection/ehmination of active/inert hquids 5 reactor rotation axis 6 immovable pipe for injection/ehmination of active/inert liquids 7 lens sample (A convex, B concave) a cylinder pipe thickness of active liquid b radius of the active liquid cylinder, h height of the internal space of the reactor (1) cylinder on periphery K height of the spherical base layer of the cylinder pipe (x = a) of the active hquick K height of the spherical layer base of the cylinder pipe (x = a) of the inert liquid H height of the spherical segment R radius of the lens sample r radius of the sphere, to which the lens sample surface corresponds.

As was shown in Fig. 2.5, the primary current distribution is only uniform when all points on the electrode surface are strictly equivalent and the current density is low. This is possible only with two reactor designs, a parallel-plate reactor having electrodes of equal area and occupying opposite walls and the concentric-cylinder reactor. There will be a variation of potential and current density over the surface for all other electrode arrangements an example is shown in Fig. 2.16(a) where the broken lines join equipotential points and the current densities are inversely proportional to the lengths of the arrowed lines. The highest current density is between the points closest together on the two electrodes and almost no current flows on the reverse side of the anode. 

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