Cyclohexane, structure

Thomson NOV Click Organic Interactive to use an online palette to draw and interconvert cyclohexane structures. 

Thermolysis of 3-oxaquadricyclanes in which the bond between Cl and C2 is part of a cyclohexane structure gives a,/J-annulated oxepins 11 in good yield.133 The enlargement of the an-nulated ring favors the arene oxide structure.134... 

Pyrrolidone is a lactone used for the production of nylon-4. This reactant may be produced by the reduction ammoniation of maleic anhydride. s-Caprolactam, used in the production of nylon-6, may be produced by the Beckman rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime (structure 17.11). The oxime may be produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, the photolytic nitrosylation of cyclohexane (structure 17.9), or the reaction of cyclohexanone and hydroxylamine (structure 17.10). Nearly one-half of the production of caprolactam is derived from phenol. 

The nature of the cyclohexane structure also indicates why the 1,3-cyclohexane oxide is not observed in the products. As seen, there is relatively little strain in the six-membered ring transition state for a 1,55 transfer, but the rigidity of the chair imposes too much strain for the... 

Hayashi and co-workers took advantage of the organocatalyzed reaction for the stereoselective synthesis of the cyclohexane structure. Diphenylprolinol silyl ether ent-6a proved to be effective for the domino Michael reaction/Horne-Wardsworth-Emmons reaction. They synthesized (-)-oseltamivir by three one-pot operations, with a total yield of 57% (Scheme 10.4) [38]. 

Fig. 1. Experimental apparatus for measurement of dehydrogenation rate constants using cyclohexane. Structure of catalyst tray shown in upper right corner.

Boat conformation An unstable cyclohexane structure, with carbons 1 and 4 tilted out of the plane in the same direction. 

The lower the EACN of an oil. the higher its polarity. For instance. EACN is zero for benzene, and it is equal to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of alkylbenzenes. Alkyl cyclohexanes have an EACN that is equal to the number of carbon atoms in their alkyl group augmented by 3. In other wcutLs. (he saturated cyclohexane structure accounts for three units in the EACN. w hiie the aromatic benzene ring does not count. 

Chlorine treatment of natural rubber gives chlorinated rubber III. Since the products contain up to 65% chlorine, substitution obviously occurs along with addition across the double bonds (since the latter would only lead to a theoretical maximum of 51%C1). As indicated by spectroscopic studies, some cyclization to cyclohexane structures occurs also. Chlorinated rubber solutions are Used as adhesives for diene rubber-metal laminates. 

Example (The constitution of cyclohexane) Consider the abstract full orientation function x of cyclohexane, structure b in Figure 4.2 ... 

These compounds present a cyclopropane ring beside the cyclohexane structure (Fig. 96.6). In the carane skeleton, the cyclopropane stmcture arises from an additional bond between C3 and C8 of the menthane strucmre. The major... 

In the thujane derivatives, the cyclopropane occurs within the cyclohexane structure. The main hydrocarbons with these skeletons are a-thujene and sabinene, occurring in many essential oils. 

The cyclohexane structure is structural features drawn simply as a hexagon and the cyclopentane structure as a pentagon. In such drawings, it is understood that there is a carbon in every corner and that there are two hydrogens bonded to each carbon, even though neither the hydrogens nor the bonds are shown. Such a structure is sometimes referred to as a bond-line structure (Figure 14.19a). 

Bicyclo[2.2.2]octene [145] has been polymerized in the presence of the ternary catalyst WCl6/EtOH/EtAlCl2 to ring-opened polymer having cyclohexane structures along the polymer chain [Eq. (81)]. 

Thymol (26) and carvacrol (27), isolated from herbs such as thyme and savory, are members of the menthane family in which the cyclohexane structure has been oxidized to an aromatic (phenolic) ring. Oils containing these phenolic terpenes have been shown to be particularly effective as antibacterial agents (Kalemba and Kimicka 2003). 

As shown in Fig. 5, the reagent may approach perpendicularly from above or perpendicularly from below the plane of the unsaturated system undergoing attack. The preference for one direction or another depends on the accessibility of the reaction center which, in its turn, is determined by steric and polar factors connected both with the cyclic system containing the unsaturated function and with the attacking reagent. In cyclohexane structures an important role in this is played by axial substituents present in the meta-position to the reaction center. The factor of accessibility favors the formation of products of kinetic control and therefore affects the stereochemistry of the reaction only in the case of nonequilibrium conditions. 

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