Cyclohexane hexane mixture

Nonpolar + Nonpolar mixtures Figure 17.3 summarizes the excess thermodynamic properties for (cyclohexane + hexane) mixtures.J 4 We have chosen this... 

Table 7 provides the digitized mass spectra of five cyclohexane/hexane mixtures, each recorded at 17 m/z values and normalized to the most intense, parent ion. ° These spectra are illustrated in Figure 18. Presented with these data, and in a real situation not knowing the composition of the mixtures, our first task is to determine how many discrete components contribute to these... 

A. Benzamides. In a small round-bottom flask equipped for magnetic stirring, dissolve 0.3 g of the amine in 3 mL of dry pyridine. Slowly add 0.3 mL of benzoyl chloride to this solution. Affix a drying tube dlrectlyto the flask and heat the reaction mixture to 60-70 °C for 30 min then pour the mixture into 25 mL of water with stirring. If the solid derivative precipitates at this time, isolate it by vacuum filtration, and dissolve it in 10 mL of diethyl ether when it is nearly dry. If no precipitate forms, extract the aqueous mixture twice with 5-mL portions of diethyl ether. Combine the extracts. Wash the ethereal solution sequentially with 5-mL portions of water, 1.5 M HCI, and 0.6 A//sodium bicarbonate solution. Dry the ethereal layer over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter or decant the dried solution, and remove the diethyl ether by one of the techniques described in Section 2.29. Recrystallize the solid derivative from one of the following solvents cyclohexane-hexane mixtures, cyclohexane-ethyl acetate mixtures, 95% ethanol, or aqueous ethanol. 

Nitrobenzyl bromide [100-11-8] M 216.0, m 98.5-99.0 . Recrystd four times from abs EtOH, then twice from cyclohexane/hexane/ benzene (1 1 1), followed by vac sublimation at 0.1mm and a final recrystn from the same solvent mixture. [Lichtin and Rao J Am Chem Soc 83 2417 1961.] Has also been crystd from pet ether (b 80-100°, lOmL/g, charcoal). It slowly decomposes even when stored in a desiccator in the dark. IRRITANT. 

The cooled contents of the 2S0-ml. flask containing ferrous chloride (Note 6) are added to the cold sodium cyclopentadienide solution while passing a stream of nitrogen through both flasks. The combined mixture is stirred for 1.25 hours at a temperature just below reflux. Solvent is removed by distillation, and the ferrocene is extracted from the residue with several portions of refluxing petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60°). The product is obtained by evaporation of the petroleum ether solution. Ferrocene may be purified by recrystallization from pentane or cyclohexane (hexane, benzene, and methanol have also been used) or by sublimation. The 3ueld is 31-34 g. (67-73%) (Note 7), m.p. 173-174°. 

Figure 15 Variation of k,- with /

Figure 16 Variation of kjk-o with in condensed nonpolar media [99,100,112]. Neopentane, liquid (A) and solid (A) neohexane (t) TMS (V) w-pentane, w-hexane ( + ) w-hexane, cyclohexane ( ) neopentane-w-hexane mixtures (x) methane, liquid ( ) and solid ( ) and argon, liquid (O) and solid...

Heating the xenon difluoride hexane mixture to 80-90"C in a sealed glass tube leads to its inflammation. If the xenon difluoride and hexane (1 5 mol) are heated in a Teflon tube at 105 "C, the products are 1-, 2- and 3-fluorohexanes (28 42 30) with a total yield of 15-20%.13 Under the same conditions cyclohexane has been converted to fluorocyclohexane in 18 % yield. 

Reaction Order. Rate Constants and Activation Energy (Slurry-Reactor). Hydrogentation of a-methylstyrene was selected for a test reaction. This reaction has been studied extensively by a number of investigators (6, 11. 14, 15, 17). Previous studies used Pd/A 203 or Pd-black catalysts in a-methylstyrene-cumene mixtures. We wanted to verify the kinetics of this reaction in various solvents of different physical properties (cyclohexane, hexane (u.v.), hexane (A.C.S), toluene, 2-propanol) and examine the effect of Pd concentration on the rate. The above solvents were to be utilized in trickle-bed reaction studies also to provide a range of liquid physical properties. 

Yamazaki A and Mizoguchi K. Pervaporation of benzene/cyclohexane and benzene/u-hexane mixtures through polyvinyl alcohol membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 1997 64 1061-1065. 

Table 7 Normalized MS data for cyclohexane and hexane mixtures...

Highly nonpolar compounds such as fatty acids, glycerides, alkanes, and some lower terpenoids require simple nonpolar solvent systems (e.g., cyclohexane, hexane, pentane, diethyl ether.hexane mixtures) and may be difficult to detect by UV (i.e., no chromophore) or by spray detection (use charring reagents, e.g., vanillin-sulfuric acid). 

There are several solvents that are used for the extraction of PCBs from sediment and soil. The most common are -hexane, ° dichloromethane, " cyclohexane, and mixtures of them. Ultrasonic treatment can improve the interaction between the solid and the liquid phase. 

A mixture of 15.8 g terr-butyl acetoacetate (100 mmol), 11.3 g ethyl cyanoacetate (100 mmol), 3.5 g sulfur (110 mmol), and 25 mL EtOH was stirred at 45°C. Morpholine (10 g, 115 mmol) was added dropwise over 15 min. Then the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 5 h and filtered. The filtrate was diluted with 50 mL water and cooled. The precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with 30% EtOH, and dried to obtain 21.2 g ethyl 2-amino-4-methyl-5-(ferr-butoxycarbonyl)thiophene-3-carboxlate, in a yield of 74%, m.p., 116-117°C (cyclohexane/hexane). 

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