Cyclohexane flow-sheet

In Figure 11-10 is shown the flow sheet of an integrated process to produce polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and phenol-formaldehyde polymers simultaneously, starting with methane, propane, and cyclohexane. 

Fig. 11.14. Process flow sheet of cyclohexane/benzene heat pump using hydrogen permeable membranes Rdit and R/rdehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactors C, compressors T, turbine HE, heat exchangers CHE, counter-current heat exchangers P, liquid pump M, hydrogen membranes. Reproduced from Cacciola et al. [133] with permission.

Figure 7.1 Simplified flow-sheet of the process for the oxidation of cyclohexane with air.

Figure 6.46 Flow sheet of an optimized cascade for the separation of a 50% benzene-cyclohexane mixture, product quality 98% benzene and cyclohexane. (At = 7.5 K per membrane unit).

Recently, Steyer et al. [22] presented an extended analysis of cyclohexanol synthesis and splitting, supposing that the chemical reaction will proceed in the two liquid phases at different rates, that is with different Damkbhler numbers. Based on their results, these authors proposed a flow-sheet of two coupled RD columns for the separation of cyclohexene/cyclohexane mixtures. 

The sheet of porous stainless steel with Re-carbon deposited film divided membrane reactor onto two equal parts. Cyclohexane vapors were fed to the surface of membrane with Re-carbon film (reaction part of membrane reactor) in argon flow from the thermostated bubler. The second part of reactor was flowed by argon and used for the removal of hydrogen, diffused through a membrane catalyst from the reaction zone. The products of reaction were benzene and hydrogen. 

A mixture of caffeine and acetaminophen was resolved on TLC silica gel 60 aluminum sheets in two development steps. In the first step, the mobile phase consisted of cyclohexane/acetic acid/trichloromethane (86 7 7), whereas in the second step, it consisted of cyclohexane/methanol/acetic acid/ethyl acetate (59 6 6 29). The TLC plate was than ablated with a laser (213 nm) in an ablation cell. The ablated sample material was transferred to an APCI source by nitrogen flow through polyamide tubing. This setup allowed for spatially resolved analysis of a TLC plate. The position and the shape of the fluorescence signal spots were consistent with the ion images for caffeine (m/z 195) and acetaminophen (m/z 152). Furthermore, an intensity increase from the outside to the inside of the spots was perceived in the ion images of these compounds. These increases in intensity indicate an increase in the amount of analyte in the sample and allow for the estimation of the relative amount of the analyte [56]. 

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