Cyanogen principle

HCN production in the ingested frond material. In the case of large ruminants, it has been concluded that the cyanogenic principles of bracken offer only a marginal if any contribution to the overall bracken poisoning scenario [196],... 

The individual reviews which constitute this volume cover the same areas and appear under the same titles as previously. Unfortunately it was not possible to include reviews on the biosynthesis of triterpenoids, steroids and carotenoids, and on non-protein amino-acids, cyanogenic principles and glucosinolates we hope to make good these omissions in early issues of Natural Product Reports as well as including new material in the burgeoning area which carries the title "Biosynthesis". 

Nicholson, S.S. (2007). Cyanogenic plants. In Veterinary Toxicology Basic and Clinical Principles (R.C. Gupta, ed.), pp. 873-5. Academic Press/Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

Cyanides Yield Nitriles.—Sandmeyer also applied the principle of his reaction to the preparation of cyanide substitution products, i.e. replacement of the diazo group with cyanogen radical. The reaction is brought about by warming a diazonium salt solution with a solution of cuprous cyanide in potassium cyanide. 

Cyanogen (1) radicals were reacted with alkanes and reactivities were examined for the temperature range from 170 to 740 Complex formation with AsFs and SbFs was observed and discussed on the basis of the HSAB principle ... 

Analyses of the structure and modifications of the collagen molecule/chain require solubilization and fragmentation of the protein to smaller peptides. In principle, two methods can be used—non-enzymatic (chemical) or enzymatic treatment. The chemical method is cleavage by CNBr. Cyanogen bromide splits the protein molecule at specific locations—at the methionines (in this case toward the C-terminal end). In the collagen molecule, methionine is a relatively rare amino acid (some 10-20 amino acids per collagen molecule). The small number of methionine residues leads to a rather limited number of cleavage products (CNBr peptides). The profile of CNBr peptides is typical. 

In principle, quantitative analysis of cyanide in plant tissues involves hydrolysis of the cyanogenic glucoside and liberation of HCN which is trapped in basic solution and determined colorimetrically (Nahrstedt et al. 1981 Brinker and Seigler 1989). 

The toxic principle that affects the nervous system is believed to be p>cyano alanine, which is similar to the toxic principle in Lathyrus species. Cyanogenic glycosides have also been suspected as potential agents in the neurologic effects of sorghums. 

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