Cyanogen chloride properties

Properties Liquid. Fp -50C, bp 240C, flash p 172F (11.1C), d 1.4250 (20/4C). Readily soluble in organic solvents miscible with water but readily hydrolyzed destroyed by bleaching powder, generating cyanogen chloride. Combustible. 

Physical Properties. CK has a low bp (13°C), a mp of —6°C, and a molecular mass of 61.5. Under standard conditions (STP), CK has a vapor density of about 2.1, whereas that of HCN is 0.93. Its density at 0°C is 1.2. A colorless gas at room temperamre, cyanogen chloride is often handled as a cylinder of liquefied gas. The volatility of cyanogen chloride renders it a nonpersistent threat agent. Cyanogen chloride shows solubility in water (69 g/L) and in most organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, chloroform, or benzene). 

Hydrogen Cyanide Decontamination. Because of its physical properties, hydrogen cyanide will not remain for long in its liquid state. Decontamination should not, therefore, be necessary. The same is true of cyanogen chloride and cyanogen bromide. 

Table 6. Physical and chemical properties of agent CK (cyanogen chloride).

Cyanogen Chloride - CCIN, 506-77 nonflammable, inhalant poison eye irritant bp = 13.1 C [55.6"F] er = NA sp g = 1.98 ACGIH ceiling level = 0.3 ppm. Toxic properties similar to hydrogen cyanide heat causes it to decompose and emits highly toxic and corrosive fumes. 

Kekule incorrectly represents fulminic acid as a nitro-compound, Cg(N04)(C2N)H2, which explains its explosive properties. He found that mercury fulminate treated with chlorine gas forms chlorpicrin, cyanogen chloride, and mercuric chloride ... 

The breakthrough time of cyanogen chloride and adsorption capacity are not proportional to the amount of impregnant deposited inside porous structure of lAC samples which indicates that its properties depend on the degree of external layers removal from the particles. By the abrasion of external layers of carbon particles, it is possible to obtain core samples which have different physical and chemical properties in comparison to the starting impregnated active carbon. The removal outer layers leads to better adsorptive-catalytic properties of particles with the increased adsorption capacity of CICN. 

Blood agents, which enter the body primarily through the respiratory tract, prevent the normal utilization of oxygen by blood cells. Included are hydrogen cyanide (AC), cyanogen chloride (CK), and arsine (SA). Figure 2.5 shows blood agent structures, and Table 2.5 shows properties. 

Table 9.3 Characteristics and properties of cyanogen chloride (from NIOSH ).

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