Cutting skin problems

The pharmacist will, from time to time, be called upon to examine an eruption or condition and make recommendation for treatment. If and only if the condition is unmistakable in origin, delimited in area, and of modest intensity should the pharmacist recommend an over-the-counter remedy for its symptomatic relief. Physicians neither need nor want to see inconsequential cuts, abrasions, or mosquito bites or unremarkable cases of chapped skin, sunburn, or poison ivy eruption, and so on. However, if infection is present and at all deep-seated or if expansive areas of the body are involved, otherwise minor problems can pose a serious threat and physician referral is mandatory. Patients should also be directed to counsel with a physician whenever the origins of a skin problem are in question. 

N.A. Aloin isobarbaloin, aloeresin A, B, aloesin glycone, aloesone, emodin, chrysophanic acid, 1,8-dihydroxy-anthracene derivatives, barbaloin, anthaquinone glycosides.99-100 108 109 510-511 Purgative, eupeptic, and cholagogue effect. It is a laxative and cathartic. Juice from leaves used for cuts and other skin problems. 

Skin irritation can also be caused by amine accelerators, e.g., MDA (van Joost et al. 1987), triethylene-diamine (Adams 1983) and triethylamine (Malten 1964). Concentrated liquids may even be corrosive. The irritant effect of diisocyanates in the hardeners, glues and paints may also be attributed to the solvents used in these products. Completely hardened PU products usually do not cause skin problems. However, some unreacted isocyanate monomer may remain in surplus inside the PU foam, even after curing. During machining and cutting, PU dust containing isocyanate is produced. When heated to above 250 °C, PU polymers decompose into isocyanates and nitrogen oxides, and may then cause dermatitis (Bjorkner 1992). 

Skin Problems Associated with Cutting Fluids... 

Table 5. Skin problems associated with cutting fluids ...

Machine operators working with emulsions can become susceptible to skin infections because of the combination of the de-fatting effect of soluble-oil emulsifiers and the abrasive action of metallic scarf, but bacteria in cutting fluids are seldom the source of such infections. High standards of personal hygiene and the use of barrier creams should prevent such problems. A more difficult situation arises when a soluble-oil emulsion becomes infected with bacteria capable of utilizing the emulsifier and mineral-oil components in the system. Even in clean conditions, untreated soluble-oil emulsions and solutions cannot remain completely sterile for any length of time. 

The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is a major cause of infection in the developed countries, is now resistant to most antibiotics. It is usually present on the skin, where it causes no problems, but it can invade the body through cuts and wounds, including those caused by surgery. These bacteria are now prevalent in many hospitals, so that infection is a major problem for the medical staff in hospitals. The resistant bacterium is known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It is also known in the mass media as the super bug . Penicillin kiUs bacteria because the P-lactam group in the antibiotic inhibits a reaction that is essential for bacterial ceU wall production. Consequently, the bacteria cannot proliferate. Resistance to penicillin in many bacteria is due to production of an enzyme, p-lactamase, that degrades P-lactams. The antibiotic methicillin is one of a group of semisynthetic penicillins in which the P-lactam group is not... 

One major problem with structural materials is that they crack and weaken as they age. The human body has mechanisms for healing itself if the skin is cut or a bone is broken. However, inanimate materials have had no such mechanisms— until now. Scientists at the University of Illinois at Ur-bana-Champaign (UIUC) have invented a plastic that automatically heals microscopic cracks before they can develop into large cracks that would degrade the usefulness of the material. This accomplishment was achieved by an interdisciplinary team of scientists including aeronautical engineering professors Scott White and Philippe Geubelle, applied mechanics professor Nancy Sottos, and chemistry professor Jeffrey Moore. 

Skin infections due to gram-positive organisms are recognized as a common and significant public health problem [19,20]. These skin diseases are most commonly caused by staphylococci and streptococci. They include pustules, folliculitis, impetigo, furuncles, and infection of cuts and scrapes. In addition to the staphylococci and streptococci, other gram-positive bacteria such as Corynebacterium minutissimum can cause contagious skin infections like erythrasma. 

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