Curvature ratio

Steam bending has severe limitations in the quality and number of species of wood that can be bent (27). In general straight grained high density northern hardwoods usually give a minimum radius of curvature ratio or a minimum failure rate. 

Under mass production conditions, all hair samples are washed in an identical manner by the truncated wash procedure. This consists of one 15-min wash with dry isopropanol and three 1/2-h washes with phosphate buffer. Not aU hair samples will have reached plateau conditions by this procedure. To identify those samples which require further washing, we have defined two additional wash kinetic criteria " the curvature ratio, R, and the extended wash ratio, R w These are defined as follows ... 

Percentage Distribution of Curvature Ratio Values Using the Truncated Wash Procedure... 

Curvature ratio Percentage distribution of positive samples ... 

Agarwal et al. " Perturbation method 0.2 < n < 1.5 1 < Aoe Asc < 700 X = 30, 100 Axial dispersion decreases with increase in the value of ArsAsc for a given coil and power law fluid, while it increases with increase in curvature ratio for a given ArsAsc and power law fluid... 

Dellegrottaglie S, Sanx J, Poon M, et al. Pulmonary hypertension accuracy of detection with left ventricular septal-to-free wall curvature ratio measured at cardiac MR. Radiology 2007 243 63-9. 

Because a fully developed helical flow is not expected to be established in porous media, the excess pressure drop due to the curvature effect should be expected to be proportional to the Dean number (curvature ratio times the Reynolds number). Hence, the total inertial effects can be better defined by a modified Reynolds number that includes both the mixing and the curvature components. Liu et al. (32) found that... 

Baumgartner, J.A. (1939). Discharge determination by the curvature ratio method. Water Resources Bulletin (Aug. 10) 445-447. 

Curved MicroChannel Flow, Fig. 2 Axial velocity distribution along Y-direction. (The microchannel has a curvature ratio of C/A = 50.) The applied DC electric field has an intensity of450 V/cm... 

Curved MicroChannel Flow, Fig. 3 Velocity distributions along X-direction in microchannels with different curvature ratios (the DC electric field intensity is 450 V/cm)... 

Topakoglu [94] extended Dean s series solution by developing a double power series in Dean number and curvature ratio as... 

However, the above equation is only valid for limited range of curvature ratio. A major drawback of all three equations is as a the critical Reynolds number does not approach 2,100 for straight tube. Srinivasan et al. [Ill] used the experimental data of critical Reynolds number of Adler [86], Kubair and Kuloor [92], Storrow [112], Taylor [106] and White [85] and proposed... 

ABSTRACT The characteristic of turbulent flow in jackets with triangular helical ducts was simulated and the velocity fields of fully developed turbulent fluid flow in the jackets were obtained. The features of the local coefficient of resistance C/Reiocai) on outer walls and inner wall were summed up and the effects of dimensionless curvature ratio and Reynolds number on the flow field and the flow resistance were analyzed. The results indicate that the structure of secondary flow is with two steady vortices at turbulent flow conditions. The distribution of/ eiocai on the outer walls differs from that of/ eiocai on the inner wall. The mean coefficient of resistance (/Rem) on the outer walls is about 1.41 1.5 7 times as much as that on the iimer wall. With the increase of dimensionless curvature ratio or Reynolds number,/Rem on the boundary walls increases. 

In fact, the pitch of triangular flow channels is very small compared to the reactor radius, that is, the torsion tends to zero. (Liu, 1994) and (Bolinder, 1996) predicted a much weaker effect of a relatively small torsion on fluid flow in hehcal ducts. Then in this work, a deeply study of turbulent flow in the jacket with triangular hehcal duct based on the simplified physical model is presented. With numerical simulation method, velocity fields and turbulence kinetic energy of fully developed flow for different curvature ratio are obtained. The local coefficient of resistance on outer walls are... 

To define these field misalignment effects, the radius rg of curvature of the field at the supports is introduced as well as the corresponding "curvature ratio"... 

The theory of Section 4 shows that an efficient confinement requires the support and curvature ratios to be well above unity, i.e. Rg > 4 and Rb same time as there is a strong... 

The confinement in shielded support systems depends critically on the choice of relevant parameters such as the support and curvature ratios. There is so far no contradiction between theory and experiments, and the different outcome of various ex-... 

Figure 1 illustrates the geometry and related coordinate system of a curved microchannel. Figure 2 shows the axial velocity conponent distributions along the F-direction of a microchannel with a curvature ratio of C/A = 50 when a DC electric field with an intensity of 450 V/cm... 

Fig. 3.17. The curvature ratio Kx/ny versus hi/h for several normalized values of line spacing p/h. The solid line represents the prediction based on (3.114), whereas the dashed line represents the prediction of the same behavior with tanh(6/ ) in (3.114) replaced by T[b/hf) from (3.99). The finite element predictions are denoted by the symbols +, x and o for p/b = 1.05, 2.10 and 3.00, respectively. The filled square symbols represent the experimental data obtained by substrate curvature measurements by Shen et al. (1996). The analytical hmit Kx/i y as hf/b ...

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