Axial velocity distribution

Fig. 33. Axial velocity distribution (right scale ordinate) (------) and elongational strain...

Fig. D.5 The mesh network to solve the momentum equation for the axial velocity distribution in a rectangular channel. As illustrated, the control volumes are square. However, the spreadsheet is programmed to permit different values for dx and dy. Because of the symmetry in this problem, only one quadrant of the system is modeled. The upper and left-hand boundary are the solid walls, where a zero-velocity boundary condition is imposed. The lower and right-hand boundaries are symmetry boundaries, where special momentum balance equations are developed to represent the symmetry. As illustrated, there is an 12 x 12 node network corresponding to a 10 x 10 interior system of control volumes (illustrated as shaded boxes). The velocity at the nodes represents the average value of the velocity in the surrounding control volume. There are half-size control volumes along the boundaries, with the corresponding velocities represented by the boundary values. There is a quarter-size control volume in the lower-left-hand corner.

Figure 11.9. Schematic representation of flow in curved pipes (a) Axial velocity distribution (b) Velocity distribution in the shedding layer (c) Notations of pipe cross section.

Figure 11.6 Mean (a) and ims (6) axial velocity distributions lor three cases in Table 11.1 at a cross-stream plane near the TARS outlet (UC LDV data [6]) levels mean velocity between —10 m/s (blue) and 36 m/s (white) rms velocity between 1 m/s (blue) and 20 m/s (white) more details are in [6]. (Refer color plate, p. X.)...

The latter cases were selected because they exhibited the more approximately axisymmetric TARS outlet features. The simulations are capable of capturing the main features of the flow, including the initial shape of the recirculation zone, its lateral extent, and the development of the annular jet. More detailed comparisons between LES and LDV for Case I are shown in Fig. 11.96, in terms of radial profiles of the mean value and rms axial velocity at selected cross-stream locations. Disagreements between LDV and LES velocity data are more noticeable in terms of the rms axial velocity distributions, largely reflecting on the neglected inlet turbulent intensities in the simulations, as well as on the needed improved emulation of the laboratory inlet conditions with regards to azimuthal mean velocity variations, turbulence statistics, and spectral content. 

Figure 11.9a Mean axial velocity distributions in a streamwise plane from LES levels chosen as in Figs. 11.6and 11.7 for Case I (left) and Case 111 (right). (Refer Grinstein and Young, p. 123.)...

Measurements of relative axial velocity distributions along the peripheries of the burners and swirl numbers are shown in Figures 10.12 and 10.13. Peripheral velocity distributions (the soild lines) at burner exits vary from + 21.1% from the mean velocity to -19.8%. With the baffle solution implement, the range of axial peripheral velocity deviation from the mean velocity is reduced + 2.7 to -3.9%. The baffle solution also eliminated the swirl in both burners. 

Figure 5.27 Effect of Fjs/Fss ratio on the axial-velocity distribution averaged over interparticle space along the angular coordinate at three different axial positions.

Figure 8.17 Axial velocity distribution in a vessel agitated by a helical ribbon impeller [Carreau et al, 1976]...

Curved MicroChannel Flow, Fig. 2 Axial velocity distribution along Y-direction. (The microchannel has a curvature ratio of C/A = 50.) The applied DC electric field has an intensity of450 V/cm... 

Figure 6.3 Vertical (axial) velocity distribution in a hydrocyclone. LZVV, the locus of zero vertical velocity...

It is worth mentioning that the axial velocity distribution at the very vicinity of the interface shows a shape similar to the curvature of the meniscus itself independently of the fact that the interface is flat or curved. The values of the axial velocity components are var)dng almost independently of the radial position at z = 0.15 (see figs. 5 and 6) in accordance with the flat shape of the water/air and water/dodecane... 

Fig. 18.20 Gas velocity upper left) calculated gas velocity field at atomization pressure Po = 1 MPa upper right) axial velocity distribution along centre axis lower left) axial velocity distribution in radial direction at z = 20 mm lower right) axial velocity distribution in radial direction at z = 40 mm...

The simulated axial velocity distribution along radial direction is shown in Fig. 5.24a. As seen, the axial hquid velocity is almost constant from column center... 

The anisotropic mass diffusivity D, x is calculated using Eq. (3.37) the axial mass diffusivity is given in Fig. 5.38. Note that the wavy shape of u c and contours is as the result of existing intense wavy axial velocity distribution along radial direction as seen in Fig. 5.37. 

Schneider, C., Schwetz, M., Miinstedt, H., Kaschta, JK. The axial velocity distribution of a polyethylene strand during extrusion Simulation and comparison with experiments. Mech. Time-Depend. Math. (2004) 8, pp. 215-224... 

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