Cupric chloride -Nitric oxide

Sandmeyer reaction Cupric chloride-Nitric oxide. 

They also tried soln. of cupric chloride in acetic acid, formic acid, acetone, and methyl and ethyl alcohols. With 0-37, 0-62, and 0-925 litre of soln. with a mol of cupric bromide, 0-515, 0-120, and 0-000 litre of nitric oxide were respectively absorbed. They also tried soln. of cupric bromide in ethyl alcohol. E. Peligot found that nitric oxide is absorbed by aq. soln. of stannous salts (vide infra) and chromous salts. According to G. Chesneau, a soln. of ckromous chloride absorbs nitric oxide in the ratio CrCl2 NO=3 1, and the blue liquid becomes dark red. When heated, the nitric oxide is not expelled as in the case of ferrous salts, but the liquid becomes greenish-brown, and the nitric oxide is reduced to ammonia or hydroxylamine. The action of nitric oxide on soln. of chromous salts was also studied by V. Kohlschiitter, and J. Sand and O. Burger. 

In alcoholic solution cupric chloride combines with nitric oxide to form a double compound of the formula CuC12,N0.5... 

Cupric chloride (bromide) Nitric oxide, CuX2-2H20-N0 [1, 163. before Cupric nltrate-Acetic anhydridel. The one-step displacement of a primary aromatic amino group by chlorine or bromine can be achieved as follows 1... 

Bubble the gas for a minute or two through a few milliliters of (a) ferrous sulfate solution, (b) 6M hydrochloric acid saturated with cupric chloride, (c) ammoniacal cobalt chloride solution. The colored compounds formed are examples of the very numerous complexes formed by nitric oxide and metallic salts (see below). In Test (a) the complex ion (FeNO)++ is formed. This is an intermediate in the preparation of NO described here. Many of these complexes are unstable and decompose when the solutions are heated. Test this statement by boiling the solutions from the above experiments. 

Except for hydrofluoric acid, niobium is resistant to most organic and mineral acids at all temperatures below 212°F (100°C). This includes hydrochloric, hydroiodic, hydrobromic, nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids. It is especially resistant under oxidizing conditions such as concentrated sulfuric acid and ferric chloride or cupric chloride solutions. 

Zirconium shows excellent corrosion resistance to hydrochloric acid and is superior to any other engineering metal for this application, with a corrosion rate of less than 0.125 mm y" at all concentrations and temperatures well in excess of the boiling point. Aeration does not affect its corrosion resistance, but the presence of oxidizing impurities such as cupric or ferric chlorides in relatively small amoimts will decrease it. Therefore, either these ions should be avoided, or suitable electrochemical protection should be provided. Zirconium also shows excellent corrosion resistance to nitric acid in all concentrations up to 90% and temperatures up to 200°C, with only platinum being equal to it for this service. Welded zirconium and its alloys retain this high corrosion resistance. In concentrated nitric acid, zirconium may exhibit SCC at nitric acid concentrations above 70%, if under high tensile stress. ... 

The oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones in good yields is effected by sulfuric-chromic acid mixtures. For water-soluble alcohols the reaction is carried out in aqueous solution at 20°-40°C. Insoluble aromatic alcohols are oxidized in an acetic acid solvent. Some other oxidation reagents that have been used are nitric acid, copper sulfate in pyridine, cupric acetate in 70% acetic acid, ferric chloride... 

---