Cumene reaction + cyclohexanone

Oxidation of organic compounds by dioxygen is a phenomenon of exceptional importance in nature, technology, and life. The liquid-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons forms the basis of several efficient technological synthetic processes such as the production of phenol via cumene oxidation, cyclohexanone from cyclohexane, styrene oxide from ethylbenzene, etc. The intensive development of oxidative petrochemical processes was observed in 1950-1970. Free radicals participate in the oxidation of organic compounds. Oxidation occurs very often as a chain reaction. Hydroperoxides are formed as intermediates and accelerate oxidation. The chemistry of the liquid-phase oxidation of organic compounds is closely interwoven with free radical chemistry, chemistry of peroxides, kinetics of chain reactions, and polymer chemistry. 

Molecular oxygen can also oxidize a variety of organic compounds, including hydrocarbons, aldehydes, amines, ethers and ketones. These autooxidation reactions can be used to make a variety of small molecules and a number of industrial processes rely on the controlled oxidation of organics using molecular oxygen (often with a metal catalyst). Examples include the formation of phenol and acetone from cumene (isopropylbenzene) and cyclohexanone from cyclohexane. Phenol is a popular starting material for a number... 

Many peroxides affect pol mierization, but those used are available in quantity and the choice is based both on economics and performance. It has been shown that the activity of the organic peroxides in any polymerization is related to their decomposition rates at various temperatures. If elevated cure temperatures, 200- 250°F (93-121°C), are used, benzoyl peroxide is preferred. The amount required is about 1.0 per cent. It is preferred because a long catalyzed tank life results at room temperature. If lower temperatures in the 120 180 F (49-82°C) range are employed, hydroperoxides are more effective. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and cumene and ter- tiary butyl hydroperoxide all find application. Lauroyl peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, and <-butyl perbenzoate are used in limited amounts. Mixtures of two peroxides are often used, one to initiate the reaction and a second to promote the polymerization once it is started. 

Tetraethylammonimn bromide was recrystallized from the saturated acetonitrile solution by addition of diethyl ether abundance. The salt purity (99.6 %) was determined by aigentmmnetric titration with potenciometric fixation of the equivalent point. Acetonitrile was purified according to [17]. Its purity was controlled by electroconductivity % value, which was within (8.5 0.2)T0 Om sm at 303K. Cumene was subjected to acid - alkali purification with subsequent desiccation under calcium chloride and distillation according to [18]. Reactions of cyclohexanone peroxides decomposition were carried out in the glass... 

Cyclohexanone peroxide compounds (R OOR ) in the presence of tetraethylammonium bromide initiate the cumene oxidation reaction even at 308 - 340K (Fig. 1). Tetraethylammonium bromide as well as peroxide compounds I and II don t initiate cumene oxidation process at mentioned temperature interval. 

Examples of some important initiators are ethyl methyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and cumene peroxide. Accelerator is a reducing agent, such as cobalt octoate, which is added in very small quantity to catalyze decomposition of the initiator into free radicals. Aromatic amines such as dimethyl aniline or dimethyl /j-toluidine are added to promote that reaction. The two components are combined prior to application, ensuring even distribution of initiator in the system. The dosage of initiator, accelerator, promoter and inhibitor will determine the pot life, the longest period of time during which mixture is still usable and can be applied. 

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