Cuff layer

Interface Emulsion An emulsion occurring between oil and water phases in a process separation or treatment apparatus. Such emulsions may have a high solids content and are frequently very viscous. In this case the term interface is used in a macroscopic sense and refers to a bulk phase separated by two other bulk phases of higher and lower density. Other terms are cuff layer, pad layer, or rag layer emulsions. 

In many surface separation processes, three distinct phases or process streams will occur a product stream (either oil or water), a waste (tailings) stream and an interface emulsion stream, which may contain emulsified oil and/or water. The interface emulsion (also termed cuff layer, pad layer or rag layer emulsion) can be the most troublesome, in terms of process operation, and the most complex and intractable, in terms of treatment. Such emulsions can have high solid contents and are frequently very viscous (see also mousse emulsions in Section 9.5). 

Musculoskeletal disorders are disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage and spinal discs not caused by slips, trips, falls, motor vehicle accidents or other similar accidents. Examples are carpal tunnel syndrome, rotator cuff syndrome, De Quervain s disease, trigger finger, tarsal tunnel syndrome, sciatica, epicondylitis, tendinitis, Raynaud s phenomenon, carpet layers knee, herniated spinal disc, and low back pain. 

Melt-blown fibers have considerable use in disposable diapers for babies and adults, sanitary napkins, feminine hygiene, etc., since eliminating plastic backsheets, integrating wicking layers and standing leg cuffs requires the use of meltblown fabrics. 

Thin-film polyimide-based implants use the polymer as both the structural and insulation material. They have been micromachined with multilayer metallization [54] for use as acute and chronic extracellular recording electrodes, and sieve and cuff regeneration electrodes. Thin-film metal layers (approximately 200-300 nm thickness) are sandwiched between the polymer layers. Reactive ion etching in oxygen opens contacts to the electrodes. This dry etch also defines the probe shape (Fig. 7). 

The demulsibility of a lubricant is reported in terms of the time in which an emulsion produced from 40 ml of the sample and 40 mi water (at 130°F 180°F for lubricants with viscosities more than 450 SUS) cracks (break.s) to give two distinct layers, when left undisturbed. In case of incomplete demulsification at the end of 1 hour, a 3-ml cuff or emulsion is neglected if it is more, the volume in ml of the oil, water and emulsion are reported. 

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