Crystalline electrolytes electronic energies

With reference to traditional electrolytes, the peculiarity of solid electrolytes results from their additional electronic conductivity. Other particularities may be mentioned the solidity of the electrolyte suppresses any convection, the ions are not solvated. Some solid electrolytes have a very simple crystalline structure where the energy profile of the path followed by the ions is known. This would make the situation ideally simple for electrode process studies. Unfortunately, this is frequently counteracted by the great complexi-ty of the electrode surface which is generally formed by a contact between two solids. This point has already been stressed by Raleigh. ... 

Non-ideal semiconductors. For non-ideal semiconductors (amorphous, partially crystalline, or other defects that lead to localized states in the band gap) illumination can lead to many different types of electron transitions as illustrated in Fig. 5 from the valence band to the conduction band (ideal case), and transfer involving localized states. I.e., electron transition can take place at photon energies smaller than the band gap. Electron transition leading to trapped electrons in the localized states can only contribute to the photocurrent if they can reach the conduction band, or alternatively the underlying metal or the electrolyte. For this, trapped electrons have different possibilities ... 

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