Croton macrostachys

Several non-volatile iridoid monoterpenes occur as glycosides and have been observed to have biological activity. For example, xylomolin, from the unripe fruits of Xylocarpus moluccensis Roem. (Meliaceae) has antifeedant activity against Spodoptera exempta an African armyworm at 100 ppm ( ) and crotepoxide from Croton macrostachys (Euphorbiaceae) possesses antifeedant activity against Spodoptera exempta (85). 

Crotepoxide, for example, was isolated from fruits of Croton macrostachys and has been shown to have significant tumor-inhibitory activity for Lewis lung carcinoma in mice (LL) and Walker intramuscular carcinosarcoma in rats (WM). 

Another series of compounds that appear to be derived from ijo-chorismic acid are cyclohexene oxides such as cro-tepoxide (36), senepoxide (37), and pipoxide (38) from Croton macrostachys (Euphorbiacee), Uvaria zeylanica (An-nonaceae), and Piper hookeri (Piperaceae), respectively (Fig. 7.13). These compounds have demonstrated antitumor activity (Jolad et al., 1981). 

Kupchan S M, Hemingway R J, Coggon P, McPhail A T, Sim G A 1968 Crotepoxide, a novel cyclohexane diepoxide tumor inhibitor from Croton macrostachys. J Am Chem Soc 90 2982-2983... 

A cyclohexane diepoxide, crotepoxide (XLI), or novel structure has been isolated from Croton macrostachys [172, 173], Kaempferiarotunda [174], Piper futokadzura [175], P. hookeri [176], and P. brachystachum [177], and... 

Yellow/ Navajo tea plant Croton macrostachys Goldenrod Solidago Chamiso spp., Juglans Crocus sativus... 

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