Crosslinking of DNA

Among the most biologically reactive alkylating agents are the nitrogen and sulfur "mustards" such as bis-(2-chloroethyl)sulfide. These toxic bifunctional compounds cause lethal crosslinking of DNA chains... 

Gebicki S, Gebicki JM (1999) Crosslinking of DNA and proteins induced by protein hydroperoxides. Biochem J 338 629-636... 

Strand crosslinking of DNAs rich in guanine and cytosine was noted from studies of the renaturability of crosslinked DNAs of different G-C content (32), and from a study of the inhibition of intercalation of 9-aminoacridine as a function of (G + C) content of platinum-treated DNA or copolymers (3 ) ... 

Crosslinking of DNA and proteins is a versatile method to study protein-DNA interactions. Among others, phosphoramidites of brominated or iodinated 2 -deoxycytidines [325], 2 -desoxuridines [326,327] and recently also of 2 -deoxyadenosines 132 have been used [328]. Nucleophilic replacement of the bromine by an amino group during deprotection does not occur when reaction conditions of concentrated ammonia solution for 24 h at room temperature are used after oligonucleotide synthesis. 

Various types of supramolecular self-assemblies have been revealed both in life sciences (e.g., double helix crosslinking of DNA, protein folding, formation of lipid bilayers), and in chemical systems (e.g., crystallization, formation of vesicles, adsorption on surfaces) [2]. Although the understanding of supramolecular self-assembly was initially developed from 3D crystal or solution... 

Since ammlneruthenlum Ions can coordinate the exo-N sites of cytosine and adenine as well as ring nitrogens, a variety of options for Inter- and Intrastrand crosslinking of DNA become available (11). However, the stability of these various modes of binding depends both on pH and the oxidation... 

Bohr V, Lerche A (1978) In vitro crosslinking of DNA by 8-methoxypsoralen visualized by electron microscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta 519 356-364... 

Sogo JM, Ness PJ, Widmer RM, Parish RW, Koller T (1984) Psoralen crosslinking of DNA as a probe for the structure of the active nucleolar chromatin. J Mol Biol 178 897-928... 

There are also reports that mixing of DNA with polymers leads to formation of hydrogel by crossUnking. When photo-crosslinkable polyvinyl alcohol (azide-unit pendant water-soluble photopolymer AWP) was mixed with DNA and the resulting mixture irradiated with ultraviolet light, a hydrogel film was formed, due to photo-crosslinking of DNA and AWP, that shows expansion and contraction in response to the media in which it is soaked. It expands in pure water whereas it... 

Szybalski, W., and V. N. Iyer Crosslinking of DNA by enzymatically or chemically activated mitomycins and porfiromycins, bifuntionally alkylating antibiotics. Federation Proc. 23, 946 (1964). 

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