Cross-tolerance definition

Historically, the treatment of alcohol use disorders with medication has focused on the management of withdrawal from the alcohol. In recent years, medication has also been used in an attempt to prevent relapse in alcohol-dependent patients. The treatment of alcohol withdrawal, known as detoxification, by definition uses replacement medications that, like alcohol, act on the GABA receptor. These medications (i.e., barbiturates and benzodiazepines) are cross-tolerant with alcohol and therefore are useful for detoxification. By contrast, a wide variety of theoretical approaches have been used to reduce the likelihood of relapse. This includes aversion therapy and anticraving therapies using reward substitutes and interference approaches. Finally, medications to treat comorbid psychiatric illness, in particular, depression, have also been used in attempts to reduce the likelihood of relapse. 

Pre-cross-linked Latex Blends. In these materials the individual latexes are cross-linked during synthesis and then blended, and a film is formed. Because of limited deformation and/or interdiffiision capabilities, such films tend to be weak and only used for special purposes (Zosel and I y 1993 Lesko and Sperry 1997). However, light cross-linking, as occurs in SBR latexes, may be tolerated. Pre-cross-Unked latex blend materials are actually not IPNs, because the definition requires that at least one of the polymers be polymerized and/or cross-linked in the immediate presence of the other. An application of pre-cross-linked suspension-polymerized blends, in animiic and cationic form, is as ion-exchange resins. In suspensions, the particles are larger, usually of the order of 10-200 tm. 

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