Coordination compound or complex

A coordination compound, or complex, is formed when a Lewis base (ligand) is attached to a Lewis acid (acceptor) by means of a lone-pair of electrons. Where the ligand is composed of a number of atoms, the one which is directly attached to the acceptor is called the donor atom . This type of bonding has already been discussed (p. 198) and is exemplified by the addition compounds formed by the trihalides of the elements of Group 13 (p. 237) it is also the basis of much of the chemistry of the... 

A complex may be ionic or neutral. An ionic complex is called a complex ion. A neutral complex is a type of coordination compound. The only difference in naming coordination compounds or complex ions is that anionic complex ions have an ate suffix. 

Metal ions can act as electron-pair acceptors, reacting with electron donors to form coordination compounds or complexes. The electron donor species, called the ligand, must have at least one pair of unshared electrons with which to form the bond. Chelates are a special class of coordination compound which results from the reaction of the metal ion with a ligand that contains two or more donor groups. 

Use the information in Table 16.4 to write the formula for each of the following coordination compounds or complexes ... 

As the coordination compounds (or complexes) can be sufficiently complicated, a few formal rules were suggested by the IUPAC to name these compounds. These rules are as stated below ... 

Metal cations in solution are surrounded by ligands (i.e., solvent molecules, anions, or non-solvent neutral molecules). The bonding that develops is normally a result of the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons of the ligand with the metal ion, which makes a covalent coordinate bond thus, the resulting species is called coordination compound or complex. 

Coordination compound or complex A compound containing coordinate covalent bonds between electron pair donors and a metal. 

A coordination compound or complex refers to the grouping that is formed when a metal ion or atom accepts a pair of electrons from a molecule or ion. Metal ions—even in very low concentrations—function as powerful catalysts in many important industrial organic processes, as well as with enzymes (catalysts in living tissues). The total number of electron-donor atoms or donor pairs bonded to a given metal atom or metal cation is referred to as the coordination number. The coordination number of a compound can range from two to twelve and determines geometrical shape and physical properties. 

Coordination compounds or complexes consist of one or more central atoms or central ions, usually metals, with a number of ions or molecules, called ligands, surrounding them and attached to them. The complex can be nonionic, cationic, or anionic, depending upon the charges of the central ions and the ligands. Usually, the central ions and ligands can exist individually as well as combined in complexes. The total possible number of attachments to a central atom or central ion or the total possible... 

Metal ions can act as electron-pair acceptors, reacting with electron donors to form coordination compounds or complexes with either the stationary phase... 

Transition metal ions can bind ligands (L) to give a coordination compound, or complex ML , as in the familiar aqua ions [M(OH2)6] (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni). Organometallic chemistry is a subfield of coordination chemistry in which the complex contains an M—C or M—H bond [e.g., Mo(CO)6]. Organometallic species tend to be more covalent, and the metal is often more reduced, than in other coordination compounds. Typical ligands that usually bind to metals in their lower oxidation states are CO, alkenes, and arenes, for example, Mo(CO)g, (C6H6)Cr(CO)3, or Pt(C2H4)3-... 

Name one element that can form different coordination compounds or complex ions in which its atoms have... 

What one characteristic of the metal in a coordination compound or complex ion primarily determines the geometry of the species Specifically, why is [Zn(CN)4] tetrahedral while [Ni(CN)4] is square planar, and why is [CuCb] trigonal bipyramidal while [MnCU] " is square pyramidal ... 

The most distinctive feature of transition metal chemistry is the common occurrence of coordination compounds (or complexes). These species contain at least one complex ion, which consists of a central metal ion bonded to molecules and/or anions called ligands (see margin). To maintain charge neutrality, the complex ion is associated with counter ions. In the coordination compound [CoCNHjlgJClj (Figure 22.7A), the complex ion (in square brackets) is [Co(NH3)g] +, the six NH3 molecules bonded to the Co + are neutral ligands, and the three Cl ions are counter ions. 

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