Steam cooling

Figure 11-69 describes a typical central system. Either water or direct-expansion refrigerant coils or air washers may be used for cooling. Steam or hot-water coils are available for heating. Humidification may be provided by target-type water nozzles, pan humidifiers, air washers, or sprayed coils. Air cleaning is usually provided by cleanable or throwaway filters. Central-station air-conditioning units in capacities up to about 50,000 cu ft/min are available in prefabricated units. 

Fig ure 5-22. Upstream view of the inlet casing assembly. The nose cone is supported by struts that also allow entry of cooling steam and instrumentation into the cone. 

Figure 5-23. Interior of the nose cone showing terminus of the cooling steam line. The interior shielding consists of a 2-in. (50.8-mm) insulation thickness.

In many designs, a combination of the choice items are used such as air- and water-cooling, steam and electric driven pumps and electronic and pneumatic instrumentation. As much as possible, these type decisions should be made by results of side studies rather than simple edict. 

In 1606 Gioavanni Battista della Porta of Naples performed two experiments that formed the basis for steam engines. He proved that steam could develop pressure by expelling water from a sealed container. In the next experiment a steam-filled flask was inrmersed neck down in water. As the cooling steam condensed, water flowed upward into the flask, proving that a vacuum had been created. 

Air-cooled steam condensers, which are used primarily where adequate supplies of cooling water are not readily available, as in desert and scrubland areas, and where water resources must be shared with sizable local populations. 

Multi-Stage Arrangement of Condensation in Air-Cooled Steam Power Stations)... 

Coke Grinding. Slurry. Gasification. Shift. Gas Cooling, Steam Generation, Selexol. PSA... 

Fic. 54.—Complexing rate of amylose leached from starch grains which were preheated, cooled, steam-cooked, and then mixed with Cm-type monoglycerides at 50 and 60°C O, gel pH 3.5 , gel pH 6.5 A, gel pH 7.1 , powder form.851... 

It is assumed that circulation of the cooling steam through the heat exchangers is started fifty seconds after feeding of the coal particles into the bed is initiated. The functional relationships among variables and the nominal values of various parameters employed in numerical computation are listed in Table I and II, respectively. Numerical simulation has been carried out separately for the type A combustor and the type B combuster in order to emphasize the differences between them. 

Water-cooled steam condensers are conmionly used in steam power plants. Obtain information about water-cooled steam condensers by doing a literature search on the topic and also by contacting some condenser manufacturers. In a report, describe the various types, the way they arc designed, the limitation on each type, and the selection criteria. 

Ethylene, kg Benzene, kg Electricity, kWh Water, cooling Steam, mtons (export) Hot oil, 10 kcal... 

Estimated refiuirements for various needs of the proposed plant, such as water for processing, cooling, steam generation, sanitary uses, and fire protection... 

How would you set up and work this problem if you were computing the heat lost in cooling steam from 126°C to ice at -10°C ... 

In both the above methods, demineralized water/cooled steam condensate should be used for maintaining the acid concentration. 

Industries, especially those that generate electric power, use a tremendous amount of water to cool steam and condense it back to water. This water is normally taken from a lake or stream, used in the cooling process, and then returned to the same body of water. If the heated water is returned directly to the lake or stream, the increase in temperature may cause the oxygen levels to decrease below those required for the survival of certain types of fish. The increased temperature may also trigger or repress natural cycles of aquatic life, such as spawning. 

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