Convulsions strychnine-induced

Anti-convulsant activity. Methanol (50%) extract of the dried leaf, administered to mice, was active vs leptazol-induced convulsions . Ethanol (70%) extract of the fresh leaf, administered intraperito-neally to mice of both sexes at variable doses, was active vs metrazole- and strychnine-induced convulsions . Anti-estrogenic effect. Aqueous extract of the dried leaf smoke, administered to female adults at a concentration of 25.0 pL/plate, was active on granulosa cells. Results significant atp < 0.001 level . 

Bilobalide, a main constituent of the terpene fraction of the EGb, possesses anticonvulsant activity against convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazol, isoniazid, 4-0-methylpyridoxine, and electroshock. Reduced durations of convulsions and prolonged onset time of convulsions induced by chemical convulsants and electroshock were observed in mice treated orally with bilobalide (30 mg/kg/day, for 4 days). However, bilobalide has no protective effect against bicuculline- and strychnine-induced convulsions [99,100]. 

As mentioned in Section 4.1, kava is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant. The kava lactones kavain, dihydrokavain, methysticin, and dihydromethysticin isolated from kava rootstock were shown to antagonize strychnine-induced convulsions in mice (20). 

The alcohol extract did not protect frogs from strychnine-induced convulsions at doses up to 20 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally. 

Further screening tests are directed to detect activity against bicuculline, picrotoxin and strychnine induced convulsions [15-17]. For completion, the data of anticonvulsant activities against various other chemoconvulsants eg. nicotine, theophylline which are not currently employed are also presented in this review. 

Several substituent constants, including the Taft Eg, have been employed by Hamor and Lien in the study of anticonvulsant activities of alkyl esters of 2-sul amoylbenzoic acid against maximal electroshock and against strychnine-induced convulsions. The steric substituent constant, E, the electronic substituent constants, a and o, ana log P calculated from Hansch s ir values were examined for correlation with biological response. For antistrychnine action, the best... 

Compound (XXII) resulted from a study of several 7-trifluoromethoxy and 7-trifluoro methylthio derivatives of 1,4-benzodiazepines When tested for its ability to induce ataxia, to decrease locomotor activity and to afford protection against electroshock and strychnine-induced convulsions in mice, it had activity, potency and acute toxicity similar to those of chlordiazepoxide (XXIII). The utility of XXIII and diazepam (XXIV) as useful anticonvulsants has been demonstrated ... 

Crude extracts of V. minor have shown a hypotensive effect in experimental animals (76) which is believed to be owing almost entirely to its vincamine content (77), and success has been claimed for clinical studies in middle Europe of purified alkaloid extracts (78). Besides this property, vincamine also has a curare-like property (79) and is known to induce strychnine-like convulsions in rabbits (80). The ability of vincamine to reduce blood sugar in an acute test in rats is apparently not because of the inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis (81). The medicinal uses of V. minor have recently been reviewed (82). 

Many studies have shown that kava extract and the kavalactones present in it have anticonvulsant effects in mice with experimentally induced tonic-extensor convulsions, produced by maximal electroshock, strychnine, pentylenetetrazol, bemegride, and picrotoxin (Klohs 1959 Meyer, 1964 Kretzschmar 1969 Kretzschmar and Meyer, 1969) Methysticin and dihydromethysticin proved to be the most effective in this respect. As kavalactones are poorly absorbed in the gut, the oral administration of unsaturated kavalactones required a dosage that was ten-fold higher than that required by intravenous administration. Mixtures of yangonin or desmethoxyyangonin with... 

Strychnine (1), the active component of a notorious arrow poison in Southeast Asia, has a mysterious history. [1] It is a convulsant blocking synaptic inhibition in the spinal cord by acting as an antagonist of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, glycine. [2] In therapeutic doses strychnine has a mildly analeptic effect in toxic doses it leads to uncoordinated tonic convulsions induced by acoustic, tactile, or optical stimuli. Paralysis of the respiratory organ results in death 100-300 mg is the lethal dose fiir an adult human. [2c]... 

Picrotoxinin, soluble in boiling water and alcohol, is highly toxic to fish. It stimulates the central nervous system and acts as a potent GABA antagonist (LDjo (mouse i.p.) 3 mg/kg]. The lethal dose for humans is about 20 mg picrotoxinin or 2-3 g of fishberries. In low doses P. has a similar analeptic activity as strychnine, in higher doses it induces convulsions. It is used as an antidote for barbiturate poisonings. On account of its very effective inhibition of presynaptic inhibitory mechanisms, P. is used in neurochemical research. Ut. Aust. J. Chem. 36, 2111, 2219 (1983) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101,5841 (1979) 111, 3728 (1989) ACS Symp. Ser.356, 44-70 (1987) Karrer, No. 3629ff. 

Strychnine and brucine are well known for their toxic effect that manifests in the form of hypertension and violent convulsions. Brucine is also a proposed anticancer drug candidate, as it inhibits VEGF-induced cell proliferation, reducing p-VEGFR2 kinase activity and inhibiting neovascularization in vivo [48]. 

Do not induce vomiting if the solution swallowed was a strong base (alkali), strong acid, cyanide, strychnine, gasoline, kerosene, any hydrocarbon, or if the victim is having convulsions. Do not give liquids to an unconscious person. 

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