Control Strengths

The variability in fracture stress when small artificial flaws were controlling strength was particularly pronounced for H-451 graphite, as can be seen in Fig. 12. Here the crack dimensions and crack trip process zone dimensions are comparable to the microstructural dimensions. Consequently, local variations in microstmeture... 

Table I. Effect of concrete curing time on SAI (r/i of control strength) for ashes with differing <10 p/ i proportions...

With controllable strength of the self- and hetero-associated hydrogen, a molecular level penetrated semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) of ST-VPDMS with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPr) were prepared by condensation of the self-associated silanols.13... 

Portillo, F. Serrano, R. (1989). Growth control strength and active site of yeast plasma membrane ATPase studied by site-directed mutagenesis. Eur. J. Biochem. 186, 501-507. 

Prove that the sum of the control strengths of all enzymes in a linear sequence of reactions is 1. 

Requirements are placed on alloying elements in steel to control strength, weldability, and notch toughness. 

As regards correspondence of laboratory results with industrial manufacture and gluing, the industrially produced batches are generally and consistently better performers than laboratory ones, due to better reaction controls. Strength of glued joints is comparable. If you have a good formulation in the laboratory, you can be sure the industrial batches will also be good. 

Additional studies [212,218,219,242,243] to quantitate the role of the adenine nucleotide translocator in the control of mitochondrial respiration have been performed utilizing inhibitor titrations with carboxyatractyloside. The results indicated that in State 4 (no ADP), no control was exerted by the translocator. However, as the rate of respiration was increased up to State 3 (excess ADP), the control strength of the carrier increased to a maximum value of 30%, at 80% of State 3 respiration. These studies indicate that the adenine nucleotide translocator cannot be considered to be the only rate-controlling step in oxidative phosphorylation. However, they do provide experimental support for a controlling role for the carrier at intermediate to maximal levels of respiration. An important corollary of these studies is that the reaction rate may be altered by a change in substrate concentration (elasticity). It is also clear that to confirm these studies quantitatively, they must be extended to intact cells. Although such studies have been more difficult, the results are compatible with the conclusion reached by Tager et al. [212]. 

In contrast to the results of Tager and associates, Forman and Wilson [226] obtained different results using CAT inhibitor titrations in both rat heart and liver mitochondria. The initial slopes of their titration curves are horizontal, suggesting that the control strength is zero. It is not clear why their results are so different, although ATP, phosphate and MgClj concentrations were not the same as in the studies of Tager and co-workers. 

From these studies and those of Tager, an intermediate view is emerging with respect to the role of the adenine nucleotide translocator in the control of mitochondrial respiration. This view suggests that a variable degree of control is exerted depending upon the metabolic state, substrate availability, etc., such that control may be considerable or minimal. Such a view also implies that the control strength may vary from tissue to tissue and from cell to cell within the tissue. 

Masonry cements were developed in the 1930s in the U.S.A. They consisted of cement blended with an inert void filler and an air-entraining agent to give the required soft properties and controlled strength. 

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