Control of continuous

Rademaker, O., Rijnsdarp, J. E. and Maarleveld, A. (1975) Dynamics and Control of Continuous Distillation Units, Elsevier Scientific. 

Edwards, V. H., Ko, R.C. and Balogh, S.A. (1972) Dynamics and Control of Continuous Microbial Propagators Subject to Substrate Inhibition, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 14, 939-974. 

J.H. Lee, S. Natarajan, and K.S. Lee. A model-based predictive control approach to repetitive control of continuous processes with periodic operations. Int. J. Control, 11 195-207, 2001. 

N. Watanabe, H. Kurimoto, and M. Matsubara. Periodic control of continuous stirred tank reactor III Case of multistage reactor. Chem. Eng. Sci., 39 31-36, 1984. 

It is easy to see how this technology might develop in the fumre to allow better monitoring, and ultimately control, of continuous crystallisation processes. 

In the present discussion, emphasis will be placed on the control of continuous reactors, concentrating on the several examples of Figure 3.19 in the order of the letter designations of individual figures used there. 

Watanabe, N., Kurimoto, H., Matsubara, M. Onogi, K. 1982 Periodic control of continuous stirred tank reactors. II. Cases of a non-isothermal single reactor. Chem. Engng ScL 37, 745-752. 

A Simulation Study on the Use of a Dead-Time Compensation Algorithm for Closed-Loop Conversion Control of Continuous Emulsion Polymerization Reactors... 

The objective of this paper is to illustrate, by simulation of the vinyl acetate system, the utility of the analytical predictor algorithm for dead-time compensation to regulatory control of continuous emulsion polymerization in a series of CSTR s utilizing initiator flow rate as the manipulated variable. 

Morari, M., Effect of design on the controllability of continuous plants, in Perkins, J. D. (Ed.), IFAC Workshop Interactions Between Process Design and Control, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1992, 3-16. 

Henderson, L. S. and Cornejo, R. A. (1989). Temperature control of continuous, bulk styrene polymerization reactors and the influence of viscosity an analytical study. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 28, 1644-1653. 

Modeling and Control of Continuous Industrial Polymerization Reactors... 

Deviations from the simple model will be reviewed and transient reactor behavior will be discussed. PossiWe methods for control of continuous reactors will be suggested and strategies for process and product development will be considered. 

Miettinen, K., Makela, M. M. and Mannikkb, T. (1998). Optimal control of continuous casting by nondifferentiable multiobjective optimization. Computational Optimization and Applications 11, 2, pp. 177-194. 

Williams et al. (Wl), describe the results of studies of the automatic control of continuous fractional distillation. These studies were made on an analog computer which could simulate a five-plate tower. The effects of column design, varying feed rate, imperfect sampling, and quality of feed and reflux on controllability were evaluated. An earlier article by Rose and Williams (R2) on the same system compares various schemes for controlling fractionation columns. One interesting conclusion is that derivative control action cannot improve the control for any of the various combinations of measurement and regulation that were studied. 

Whereas derivative action is of great value in the control of continuous processes with dead-time, it is useless for batch instruments because the instrument output changes in steps. This local high rate of change produces pulsing of the manipulated variable, the efiect of which cannot be seen because of the measurement dead-time. 

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