Contour length of chain

In the limit that the number of effective particles along the polymer diverges but the contour length and chain dimensions are held constant, one obtains the Edwards model of a polymer solution [9, 30]. Polymers are represented by random walks that interact via zero-ranged binary interactions of strength v. The partition frmction of an isolated chain is given by... 

In which X is the average monomer interpenetration distance, L is the contour length of interdiffused chains and n(t) is the number of chains diffused at time t. The time and molecular weight dependence of these molecular properties are given in Table 1. 

Eventually, one should also note that even in the case of dead polymers one has also observed a variation of the gyration radius (i g) with D, which goes through a minimum as D —> 0 [48] although the contour length of the chains L does not change. Thus computer simulations, being capable of... 

Since the contour length of a fully extended C — C chain is lmax = Nlp, a polymer molecule can be stretched in the extreme by a factor of lmax/R or N1/2 from its equilibrium value. 

Of course, the network strands cannot be stretched completely. Stretching ratios of 1.4 for PC [31, 90] and of 1.3 for epoxy polymers [37] have been reported. The chain contour length of the strands is an appropriate measure for a simple estimation of the number of strands that are stretched across the deformation zone. The chain contour length of the strands is assumed to be proportional to... 

A schematic representation of the Gaussian function of Equation (4b) is given by the dashed curve in Figure 1. The abscissa is normalized by dividing the end-to-end distance by the contour length of the chain, and the ordinate is made nondimensional (unitless) by multiplying xv(r) by the contour length. 

The doubling or amplification that is inherent in dendrimer chemistry is the dominant process that controls the dendrimer shape [1], With each generation, the number of terminal units usually doubles. Each shell (generation) enhances at approximately a constant value, whereas the total molecular mass approximately doubles with each generation as does the number of branch points. While the dendrimer mass doubles with generation, the space to fit the units increases at a much slower rate. The contour length of any chain from the core to the terminal units is proportional to the number of chemical bonds and hence the number of... 

Axial contraction leads to cylinders with a length shorter than the contour length of the fully stretched main chain [81]. 

Backbone flexibility enables axial shrinkage of the worm-like macromolecule compared to the contour length of the main chain. 

What is the approximate contour length of an HOPE chain with an average DP (chain length) of n = 2000 and of a PVC chain of the same number of repeating units ... 

DNA chains can contain 1 million subunits with an end-to-end contour length of about 1 mm. Even with the complexity of these large macromolecules, synthesis of new chains generally occurs without any change in the molecule. Even when changes occur, these giant machines have built-in correcting mechanisms that rectify mistakes. 

Since the total contour length of a xyloglucan molecule is 40 to 400 times greater than the diameter of a microfibril (8), it would seem inevitable that most of the newly deposited xyloglucan chains will have the opportunity to bind to the several microfibrils across which they are randomly laid down (Fig. 2b) (25). 

The small ratio of lamellar thickness to the contour length of a polymer molecule clearly implies that chains must fold back and forth into stems with chain direction essentially perpendicular to the lamellar surface, as originally declared by Storks. The large surfaces of the lamellae containing the chain folds are called fold surfaces, and the thin surfaces are called lateral surfaces. 

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