Contaminated storm water

In addition to these effluent standards, the EPA has also established separate BPT, BAT, BCT, and NSPS standards for ballast water and BPT, BAT, and BCT standards for contaminated storm water (40 CFR Part 419). Once-through cooling water is allowed for direct discharge if the total organic carbon concentration does not exceed 5 mg/L. 

Prevention of spills, leaks, or activities that may contaminate storm water or limit runoff control. Flood control and protection. 

Waste waters are classified according to their source into domestic, commercial, and industrial waste waters and contaminated storm water runoff. Liquids that have seeped and have been collected from landfill facrUties (leachates, landfill leachates) are also regarded as waste water. If these waste waters are combined, they are known as municipal waste water [1]. 

Alternatively, the contaminated surface drainage must be segregated from the normal storm water drains and may, for example, be led into a balancing tank. This tank must be large enough to even out the variations and to allow the contents to be added to the works effluent (treated or untreated) over a period of time. Provision must be made for periodically removing the inevitable accumulation of silt in the bottom of the tank. 

MTBE has been detected nationwide in soil and groundwater. Federal and state studies have found that MTBE contamination has reached drinking water sources in many locations, including areas where the use of oxygenated fuel has not been mandated.9 This MTBE contamination has also been documented in surface water bodies resulting from direct spills, storm water runoff, and emissions from watercraft. Additional information on the extent of contamination by MTBE can be found in several references of federal and state studies.9-13... 

Bromomethane occurs in ocean waters at a concentration of about 1-2 ng/L (Lovelock 1975 Singh et al. 1983b), but is not a common contaminant in fresh waters in the United States. It was not detected in storm water runoff from 15 U.S. cities (Cole et al. 1984) or in influents to sewage treatment plants in four cities (Levins et al. 1979), and was detected in only 1.4% of over 900 surface water samples recorded in the STORET database (Staples et al. 1985). The median concentration in these positive samples was less than 10 pg/L. 

At a utility compauy, a treatmeut traiu cousisting of 2 particulate bag filters and 2 MX-4 MYCELX-infused particulate bag filters were installed to treat 950,000 gal of storm water contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Treatment costs were approximately 2.8 cents/gal (D220451, p. 40). 

The SBP membrane filtration system concentrates contaminants and reduces the volume of contaminated groundwater, surface water, storm water, landfill leachates, and industrial process water. This hyperfiltration system consists of stainless steel tubes coated with a multilayered membrane, which is formed in-place using proprietary chemicals. The membrane filtration system can be used with an SBP bioremediation system or another technology as part of a treatment train. 

The storm-water sewer should be designed to collect the maximum surface drainage. This is to include the rainfall in one hour, wash water not of a contaminated nature and cooling water when not returned in return headers to the cooling water facilities. 

Paved or unpaved areas in outlying locations not adjacent to process equipment or buildings should be divided into surface drainage areas. These areas will most likely be free from contamination and may be channeled into the storm-water sewer. 

Activities to protect and enhance the quality of surface water sources include conducting sanitary surveys, programs to monitor source water quality and activities to provide watershed control. Other activities that can be undertaken to protect source water include storm-water management, development and implementation of emergency response procedures (to contain and clean up spills to prevent contamination of source water). 

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