Containers methane

The hydrogen feed contains methane as an impurity at a mole fraction of... 

Carson and Katz5 studied another part of the methane-propane-water system. These authors investigated its behavior when an aqueous liquid, a hydrocarbon liquid, a gas, and some solid were present. It was found that the system was univariant so that the solid consisted of a single phase only. This phase is a hydrate which proved to contain methane and propane in various ratios. They then concluded that these hydrates behaved as solid solutions. It is clear that Carson and Katz measured a part of the four-phase line HllL1L2G. 

The liquid stream can readily be separated into relatively pure components by distillation, the benzene taken off as product, diphenyl as an unwanted byproduct and the toluene recycled. It is possible to recycle the diphenyl to improve selectivity, but it will be assumed that is not done here. The hydrogen feed contains methane as an impurity at a mole fraction of 0.05. The production rate of benzene required is 265 kmol-lr1. Assume initially that a phase split can separate the reactor effluent into a vapor stream containing only hydrogen and methane, and a liquid containing only benzene, toluene and diphenyl, and that it can be separated to produce essentially pure products. For a conversion in the reactor of 0.75,... 

Suib et al. [77] used microwaves to generate plasma in an atmosphere containing methane and oxygen. The plasma passing over a metal or metal oxide catalyst led to formation of C2 hydrocarbons and some oxygenates. 

In addition to binary mixtures, the ethane-propane- -butane ternary system was studied (see Fig. 1). Spills were also made with mixtures containing methane. The addition of as little as 10 mole % methane inhibited RPTs and none were ever obtained with methane concentrations in excess of 19 mole %. 

Ng, H.-J. Robinson, D.B. (1985). Hydrate Formation in Systems Containing Methane, Ethane, Propane, Carbon Dioxide or Hydrogen Sulfide in the Presence of Methanol. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 21, 145-155. 

Explosives for use in coal mines containing methane or ignitable coal-dust must pass a test in a testing gallery. Different procedure is used in different countries. General data on galleries and methods of testing are summarized in Table 108. 

The opposed-flow situation has been used very successfully to study the structure of flames as a function of fluid mechanical strain rates. Figure 6.20 illustrates one such flame experiment. Here flow issues from two porous plates in an opposed-flow configuration. The velocity leaving each plate is uniform across the plate surface and the temperature and composition is also uniform. One flow stream is air and the other contains methane, and both streams are seeded with small titania particles. By illuminating the flow with a sheet of laser light, we see streak lines that are formed by the particles as they follow the flow. In the... 

A sealed vessel containing methane, CH4, at 730 torr and 27°C s Put nt0 a b°x cooled with "dry ice" (-78°C). What pressure will the CH4 exert under these conditions ... 

A tank contains methane at 1000 psia and MOT. Another tank of equal volume contains ethane at 500 psia and MOT. The two tanks are connected, the gases are allowed to mix, and the temperature is restored to MOT. Calculate the final pressure, the composition of the mixture, and the partial pressures of the components at final conditions. Do not assume that ideal gas equations apply. 

These apparent liquid densities were derived through a study of mixtures containing methane and other heavier hydrocarbons and mixtures of ethane and other heavier hydrocarbons.2... 

Fig. 11-6. Density ratios at standard conditions for pseudoliquids containing methane and ethane.

Figure 11-6, page 308, Density Ratios at Standard Conditions for Pseudoliquids Containing Methane and Ethane... 

FLOW REQUIREMENTS. The carrier gases used are nitrogen or argon containing methane at 5 - 10% of the total volume. The methane reduces the concentration of metastable argon and promotes thermal equilibrium of the electrons. The ECD is/is not a flow-sensitive detector. Many believe that column bleed and traces of oxygen in the carrier gas are responsible for flow and temperature dependence. It is prudent to see if the system is dependent. 

Subramanian, S., Measurements of Clathrate Hydrates Containing Methane and Ethane Using Raman Spectroscopy, Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (2000). 

Figure 3.27 Methane hydrate film development at the water-methane interface from dissolved methane in the aqueous phase, as indicated from Raman spectroscopy (a) and methane solubility predictions (b). (a) A series of Raman spectra of dissolved methane collected at different temperatures during the continuous cooling process. Spectra marked A through E correspond to temperatures of 24°C, 20°C, 15.6°C, 10.2°C, and 2.8°C, respectively. (b) A schematic illustration of temperature dependencies of the equilibrium methane concentration in liquid water (C = without hydrate, Qjh = with hydrate). The scale of the vertical axis is arbitrary, but the Raman peak area is proportional to methane dissolved in water. Points A through F correspond to different temperatures during the continuous cooling process. (From Subramanian, S., Measurements ofClathrate Hydrates Containing Methane and Ethane Using Raman Spectroscopy, Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (2000). With permission.)...

Data and predictions for methane dissolved in water, solely in equilibrium with hydrates (Lw-H without a vapor phase) find application in instances such as formation of hydrates in marine systems (Chapter 7). To date there are only few reliable hydrate data in equilibrium with water containing methane—the data of Servio and Englezos (2002) and Chou et al. (Personal Communication, December 18, 2006), as listed in Chapter 6. 

Binary-Guest Mixtures Containing Methane and Heavier (or Noncombustible) Compounds... 

In areas such as the desert areas of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, there is a lack of trees for fuel, so animal feces are used as a fuel. Actually, this works better than wood, since it contains methane gas which is released in the firing process and produces a hotter flame than wood does. Given the low humidity in the desert regions, animal feces dries very fast and has similar characteristics as cooked bread when dry. There are considerations to observe when using this fuel, as with all fuels. 

Clifford 2000). Many metallic ore and evaporite minerals contain methane, though not in hydrate form. For instance, the Red Dog zinc ores mentioned above contain methane inclusions in association with saline inclusions. In many instances, microscopic methane and carbon-dioxide-rich fluid inclusions form clathrates within their tiny hydrous envelopes. Some salt deposits are so enriched in high-pressure free gas inclusions and/or gas hydrates that mining, crushing under boot, or other means of physical disturbance causes popping or even explosive decrepitation. 

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