Construct validation purpose

The UTC-PAB is a library of cognitive tests that can be modified into smaller subsets or batteries for a specific purpose. The original UTC-PAB consisted of 25 tasks that were chosen due to their construct validity, reliability, and sensitivity to levels of cognitive functioning. Several of the commonly known subsets or variations include the Testor s Workbench/Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (TWB/ANAM or ANAM) battery, the Naval Medical Research Institute Performance Assessment Battery (NMRI-PAB), the UTC-PAB/NATO AGARD STRES Battery, and the Criterion Task Set (CTS).43... 

Observational data with which to validate the model CTRL experiments were obtained from the CRU TS 2.0 (CRU) global series of observed monthly climate means [34]. This is a gridded global series of monthly climate means for the land surface for the period 1901-2000 and was constructed by the interpolation of station data onto a 0.5° grid. Data for the period 1961-1990 were extracted from the CRU data set for direct comparison with the PRUDENCE output which was re-gridded onto a common 0.5° grid for this purpose. 

To address performance, the results of nonfunctionality tests are considered sufficient if the test and acceptance criteria are appropriate for the intended purpose. Tests described there are typically considered sufficient standards for establishing specified properties and characteristics of specified materials of construction or packaging components. For nonfunctionality tests, an applicant should provide justification for the use of the test, a complete and detailed description of how the test was performed, and an explanation of what the test is intended to establish. If a related test is available, comparative data should be provided using both methods. Supporting data should include a demonstration of the suitability of the test for its intended use and its validation. 

As we already learned, reduction to practice can be actual or constructive. Actual reduction to practice refers to the production of the invention in a physical, tangible form that contains every element of the claim corresponding to that invention.28 Furthermore, an actual reduction to practice requires that the invention has been sufficiently tested to demonstrate that it will work for its intended purpose. In contrast, a constructive reduction to practice means that the invention is described in such a way that one of ordinary skill in the art can make and use the invention without undue experimentation, even though an actual working example has not been prepared— perhaps a well-detailed scheme or drawing is sufficient. In this case, one does not actually need to physically make the invention. A constructive reduction to practice normally occurs on the filing of a patent application since the patent application must, to be valid, provide sufficient instruction to allow one of ordinary skill ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention without undue experimentation in the same way as a constructive reduction to practice requires. 

At the end of the 1960s, Barriol gave up the mono-molecular cavity model in exchange for a multi-molecular one (but for few molecules only), and constructed a purely statistical theory of the dielectric constant, that could take into account fluctuations in time. [42] And what is interesting for our purpose is that, with his statistical theory, he found out the same results as those derived from the preceding model, thanks to hypotheses that throw light on the conditions of validity of the relations deduced from these calculations . [43]... 

The purpose of this book is to provide a generic template for a Validation Master Plan (VMP), using a broadly based pharmaceutical facility as an example. The contents of the VMP are based on a hypothetical, newly constructed ABC Pharmaceutical facility. The facility is comprised of three buildings A, B, and C. 

Bond - Coordinate Bond . Maybe it doesn t exactly roll off the tongue, but it s hard to avoid this adaptation of the personal introduction used by perhaps our best-known and most enduring screen spy to introduce this section - it serves its purpose to remind us of the endurance and strength of bonds between metals and ligands, which at a basic level we can consider as a covalent bond. Moreover, it isn t just any bond, but a specially-constructed coordinate bond - hence the name of this field, coordination chemistry. Unfortunately, the simple covalent bonding concept does not provide valid interpretations for all of the physical properties of coordination complexes, and more sophisticated theories are required. We shall examine a number of bonding models for coordination complexes in this chapter. 

Simulation and modeling methods are based on the conceptualization and use of an abstraction, or model, that hopefully behaves in a similar way as the real system. Impacts of alternative courses of action are studied through use of the model, something that often cannot easily be done through experimentation with the real system. Models are, of necessity, dependent on the value system and the purpose behind utilization of a model. We want to be able to determine the correctness of predictions based on usage of a model and thus be able to validate the model. There are three essential steps in constructing a model ... 

Construction rules define the shape, dimension, position, and relationships of entities. Existing entities are used for the purpose of specification of one or more characteristics of new entities. Construction rules bring new constraints into the model. Modification of the model must not break valid construction rules. 

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