Constant-current charge

Fig. 11. Constant-current charge curve for a high rate Ag—Zn ceU at room temperature. Charging carried out at the 10-h rate.

Figure 7. First- and second- cycle constant-current charge/discharge curves of graphite Timrex KS44 in LiN(S02CF3)2/ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate as the electrolyte (CilT irreversible specific charge Crev =reversible specific charge) [2J.

Figure 15. First- cycle constant-current charge/discharge curve of hard carbon ("Carbotron P"). The figure has been reproduced with kind permission of Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. [2381.

Figure 7. Constant current charge/discharge cycling ofhighly graphitic carbon fiber P100 (Amoco) in 1.8 MLiAlCl4 in SOCl2 electrolyte, i = 300 pA mg 1, cut-off 0-2V vs. Li/Li+ [4],...

Figure 8. Constant current charge/discharge cycling (1.-3. cycles) of graphite (Lonza KS44 synthetic graphite) in 1 MLiCl04 in y-hutyrolactone as electrolyte without and with C02 (saturated in electrolyte) as electrolyte additive, i lOpA mg 1, cut-off 0-1.5V vs. Li/Li+...

Figure 11. First cycle constant current charge/discharge curves of synthetic graphite TIMREX SFG 44 using 1 MLiCl04 in PC PS (propylene sulfite) (95 5 by volume) as electrolyte, i = +20 mA g1, cut-off = 1.8/0.025 Vvs. Li/Li+.

Figure 12. F cycle constant current charge curves of synthetic graphite LONZA KS 44 (i) using 1 MLiN(S02CF3)2 in EC.DME (dimethoxy ethane, CH3OCH2CH2OCH3) (3 2) as electrolyte. The measurement was stopped when the graphite was exfoliated, (ii) using 1 M LiN(S02CF3)2 in EC F-DME (partially fluorinated dimethoxy ethane, CH3OCF2CF2OCH3) (3 2) as electrolyte, i = 20 mA g1, cut-off = 0.0 V vs. Li/Li+ (adaptedfrom [12]).

Constant potential charging or constant current charging with a voltage cut-off at 1.65 V to prevent the formation of soluble Mn (VI) species may be used. Specially designed chargers, which permit a rapid, optimized cycle, use 5Q-60 Hz current pulses and monitor the OCV during the current... 

Trickle charging — A continuous, low level, constant current charging of secondary - batteries (cells), with the purpose of maintaining the battery fully charged, offsetting spontaneous self-discharge or low current drain. Accomplished by a current source, with preset constant current, trickle current , that is carefully adjusted to maintain the battery in the fully charged condition, at... 

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