Conductive grids

PIa.tes, Plates are the part of the cell that ultimately become the battery electrodes. The plates consist of an electrically conductive grid pasted with a lead oxide—lead sulfate paste which is the precursor to the electrode active materials which participate in the electrochemical charge—discharge reactions. 

Flmre 3- Simultaneous measurements of (a) photon emission and (b) voltage change across a conductive grid from the fracture of a TGDDM/DDS specimen. 

The Pope cell employs a similar bililar conductive grid on an insulutive substrate. In this sensor, the substrate is made front polystyrene, which has been treated in a prescribed fashion with sulfuric acid. This results in sulfonaticm of the longer-chain polystyrene molecules. Because the sulfate radical (SOj) is highly mobile in Ihe presence of hydrogen ions (available from Ihc w ater molecule in vapor forml, the I SO., I ions can detach and take on H ions, thereby altering the surface resistivity of Ihe sensor as a function of humidity. 

Several studies have reported a switchable permeabihty for water and organics that is dependent on the redox state. For electrochemically formed PANI and PP on metal or conducting grids, a large increase in water permeability was observed for doped films compared with undoped (reduced) films. This can be explained by stmc-tural changes and an increase in hydrophilicity during oxidation [67]. Membranes of 3-hexyl-PT show a decrease in permeabihty for dopamine with increasing oxi-... 

To achieve a pressure-sensitive fabric, Sergio et al. (2002) suggested a system composed of distributed passive arrays (in a grid pattern of rows and columns) of capacitors whose capacitance varies according to pressure exerted on the fabric surface. Each capacitor is made with two conductive strips separated by an elastic and dielectric material. The conductive grid can be produced by weaving or embroidering electroconductive yams in or onto a fabric. 

The utility has conducted grid stability studies on the transmission S3 em using a digital computer program. The study results have shown that the ROK transmission network is adequate to maintain stable system operation. 

Physically the anode and cathode electrodes are electronically isolated in the ceU to prevent internal short-circuiting, but are surrounded by the electrolyte. In practical ceU designs a separator material is used to separate the anode and cathode electrodes mechanicaUy. The separator, however, is permeable to the electrolyte in order to maintain the desired ionic conductivity. In some cases the electrolyte is immobilized for a nonspill design. ElectricaUy conducting grid structures or materials may also be added to the electrodes to reduce intemi resistance. 

Abundant domestic supply Requires supporting conductive grid... 

If natural (or unpolarized) infrared radiation is used for spectroscopic measurements. Equation (2.3) has no significance because the direction of E cannot be uniquely defined that is, if X, y, and z represent a set of space-fixed coordinates, and the natural infrared radiation travels in the z direction, its E lies in any direction in the xy plane. However, it is possible to obtain a linearly polarized (or plane-polarized) radiation for which E takes either the jc or y direction (see Section B.2 of Appendix B), by passing the natural radiation through a polarizer. Infrared polarizers are made of fine conducting grids placed on infrared transparent substrates such as Ge, ZnSe, or KRS-5. If the spacing between the grids is... 

Conductive grids may also serve as optical filters in the far infrared (Vogel Genzel, 1964). A variety of techniques are used in their construction. Evaporated or electrochemically deposited metals on dielectric, transparent substrates (mylar, quartz) can be used, or simply a flat metal foil with patterns of small holes punched into it. Woven wire grids, such as commonly employed as sieves, can serve double duty as far infrared filters. With electroformed or vacuum deposited grids it is possible to construct two complementary versions, inductive and capacitive grid patterns (Smith et al, 1972). 

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