Conducting polymers polycondensation

Pyrolysis or high-temperature polycondensation of polymers or polyfunctional monomers yielded new types of intrinsically conductive polymers and high-quality graphite which can be classified as lowdimensional graphites. 

ADMET polymerization represents a versatile technique for the synthesis of unique, complex, and functional polymer stractures. ADMET is a step-growth polycondensation reaction that proceeds under mild conditions, whereby any molecule that can be functionalized with two terminal olefin groups has the potential to become an ADMET monomer. This, in turn, allows an almost Hmitless possibility to create interesting and useful polymer structures. Recently, ADMET has been used to synthesize functionalized PEs, silicon-containing elastomers, conductive polymers, and many other exotic and interesting macromolecules. Yet, this area of research is by no means exhausted rather, this simple and elegant reaction will continue to provide the means to explore the basic stracture-property relationships of complex functional materials. 

Senkovskyy V, Khanduyeva N, Komber H, Oertel U, Stamm M, Kuckling D, Kiriy A. Conductive polymer brushes of regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) via catalyst-transfer surface-initiated polycondensation. J Am Chem Soc 2007 129 6626-6632. 

The polycondensation of 13 is conducted in vacuo using a process similar to that used for the polycondensation of 11. After heating to 150°C, the product becomes solid and the mechanical stirring is stopped to yield polymer 14. This product is a colorless waxy solid at 150°C, which becomes a white powder after cooling to TIoom. DSC and TGA give a 7 g 55°C and a ceramic yield of 47% (at 1000°C). 

Stevenson [99] conducted the first polycondensation experiments with thin polymer melt films of 0.07-5 mm thickness. The experiments were performed on metal surfaces at temperatures between 265 and 285 °C under vacuum. He varied the kind of metal and observed that the behaviour of the polycondensation rate with decreasing film thickness depended on the metal being used. He concluded that the reaction rate increased only on metals soluble in the polymerizing melts... 

PolyQ>phenylene sulfide) (PPS) deserves much attention as an engineering and a conductive plastic and in some cases as a specialty polymer with excellent performance. Lenz first reported that PPS is synthesized by the polycondensation of / -halothiophenolate alkali-metal salts at high temperature [83], Commercially PPS is produced by the polycondensation of -dichlorobenzene and sodium sulfide in A-methyl-2-pyrrolidone [84]. These polymerizations proceed only at high temperature and pressure, and it is difficult to remove the metal halides such as sodium chloride as by-products in order to obtain pure PPS salt contamination degrades the electric performance and moldability. 

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