Generic concepts

Fig. 1), these are adjudged to be bioequivalent. The FDA sets the degree of similarity needed to be so termed. This concept is of obvious importance for the acceptance of generic dmg products for marketing. 

Intrauterine devices are medical products that prevent conception when placed in the utems. In spite of their ancient origins, modem intrauterine devices (lUDs) have been widely used only in the last 30 years. The two generic subclasses of lUDs are nonmedicated (inert) devices and medicated lUDs, ie, progestin-releasing and copper lUDs. 

We have tried to present the material in an uncomplicated way, and to make the examples entertaining, while establishing basic physical concepts and their application to materials processing. We found that the best way to do this was to identify a small set of "generic" materials of each class (of metals, of ceramics, etc.) which broadly typified the class, and to base the development on these they provide the pegs on which the discussion and examples are hung. But the lecturer who wishes to draw other materials into the discussion should not find this difficult. 

Opening segments of the IP2 PRA data analysis section describe the definitions of terms and concepts employed, the assumptions made, and limitations recognized during the data base construction. A set of 39 plant-specific component failure mode summaries established the basis for component service hour determinations, the number of failures, and the test data source for each failure mode given for each component. Generic data from WASH-1400, IEEE Std 500, and the LER data summaries on valves, pumps, and diesels were combined with plant-specific failure data to produce "updated" failure information. All the IP2 specialized component hardware failure data, both generic and updated, are contained in Table 1.5.1-4 (IP3 1.6.1-4). This table contains (by system, component, and failure mode) plant-specific data on the number of failures and service hours or demands. For some components, it was determined that specifications of the system was warranted because of its impact on the data values. 

A. Ayers, R. C., Jr., et al., The generic mud concept for NPDES permitting of offshore drilling discharges, J Petroleum Engineering March 1985. 

In many ways, May s sentiment echoes the basic philosophy behind the study of CA, the elementary versions of which, as we have seen, are among the simplest conceivable dynamical systems. There are indeed many parallels and similarities between the behaviors of discrete-time dissipative dynamical systems and generic irreversible CA, not the least of which is the ability of both to give rise to enormously complicated behavior in an attractive fashion. In the subsections below, we introduce a variety of concepts and terminology in the context of two prototypical discrete-time mapping systems the one-dimensional Logistic map, and the two-dimensional Henon map. 

Figure 1.4 Schematic representation of the generic conceptions of external and internal numbering-up [8].

The realization of complete bench-scale micro reactor set-ups is certainly still in its infancy. Nevertheless, the first investigations and proposals point at different generic concepts. First, this stems from the choice of the constructing elements for such set-ups. Either microfluidic components can be exclusively employed (the so-caUed monolithic concept) or mixed with conventional components (the so-called hybrid or multi-scale concept). Secondly, differences concerning the task of a micro-reactor plant exist. The design can be tailor-made for a specific reaction or process (specialty plant) or be designated for various processing tasks (multi-purpose plant). 

Sol-gel-entrapped catalysts provide a generic method for the encapsulation of a wide variety of catalysts. Comprehensive reviews are available [59-61]. The essence ofthe concept is captured in Figure 5.6. 

Figure 1.5. Schematic of a fully integrated macroelectronic system and an example of an application concept for macroelectronic systems, (a) Building blocks for a generic macrosystem, (b) Mockup of a large-area antenna array. [Figure courtesy of Sarnoff Corporation. Used with permission.]...

The concept of scarred quantum wavefunctions was introduced by Eric Heller (E.J. Heller, 1984) a little over 20 years ago in work that contradicted what appeared at the time to be a reasonable expectation. It had been conjectured (M.V. Berry, 1981) that a semiclassical eigenstate (when appropriately transformed) is concentrated on the region explored by a generic classical orbit over infinite times. Applied to classically chaotic systems, where a typical orbit was expected to uniformly cover the energetically allowed region, the corresponding typical eigenfunction was anticipated to be a superposition of plane... 

To analyse the problem posed in Chapter 1 an overview of current literature on tools, methods, and standards concerning safety indicators will be presented in Chapter 3. With this overview a better understanding of the signs currently used to indicate safety will be obtained. These signs will be compared with the signs present prior to recent accidents (1995-2002). From both literature and case histories a hypothesis will be derived that will be especially tested in Chapter 6. Moreover, in Chapter 4, the conclusions will be used to develop some generic concepts and a conceptual practical approach. The approach will consist of several steps and models derived from organizational science and safety literature. 

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