COMPREHENSIVE PROPERTIES STUDIES

Naishadham [475] carried out comprehensive microwave studies of the CPs P(Ac) and P(BT), as cited earlier in this chapter. Fig. 19-1 above has shown the correlation he observed between the EMI-SE and the Reflection Factor for a multilayer absorber consisting of several CPs. As predicted, due to less resonance in multilayer configuration, the EMI-SE is more broad band. 

19-6a-c show, respectively, the S-parameters, complex permittivity, and conductivity of the P(ANi) samples as measured by Chandrasekhar and Naishadham. The permittivity data may be compared, e.g., with those obtained by Olmedo et al. [486] for P(ANi) with Cl, Tos and NDSA dopants (Fig. 19-7). Fig. 19-8 succinctly summarizes all the relevant measurable parameters for these samples, viz. Reflection 

19-7 e XlOGHz) versus (10GHz) for Poly(aniline) samples doped with three different acids (HCl), p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) and naphthalene 1,5-disulfonic acid (NDSA). After Reference [486], reproduced with permission. 

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Thin solid films of polymeric materials used in various microelectronic applications are usually commercially produced the spin coating deposition (SCD) process. This paper reports on a comprehensive theoretical study of the fundamental physical mechanisms of polymer thin film formation onto substrates by the SCD process. A mathematical model was used to predict the film thickness and film thickness uniformity as well as the effects of rheological properties, solvent evaporation, substrate surface topography and planarization phenomena. A theoretical expression is shown to provide a universal dimensionless correlation of dry film thickness data in terms of initial viscosity, angular speed, initial volume dispensed, time and two solvent evaporation parameters. 

Chemical processes and effects in the ablation of neat and doped polymers have been recently reviewed [4] in a comprehensive way. Studies on doped polymer systems have been specifically reviewed in [72]. This review has also underlined issues that must be carefully considered in the ablation of doped systems. In particular, it is noted that the incorporation of the dopants may affect various physical properties of the polymer, thereby affecting indirectly the induced processes. Only specific studies of direct relevance to the present purposes are discussed herein. 

Bunker P R and Howard B J 1983 Symmetries and Properties of Non-Rigid Molecules a Comprehensive Survey (Studies in Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 23) ed J Maruani and J Serre (Amsterdam Elsevier) p 29... 

The influence of the microstructure on electrieal transport and nonstoichiometry was reported for Ce02, Zr02 Ca bulk [12, 15, 16] and YSZ and ScSZ nanocrystalline thin films [7, 13, 14]. Bulk specimens are usually prepared by pressure-densified processing (l.lGPa, 600°C) from powders of 5nm crystallite size, while nanocrystalline thin films were obtained by the lymeric precursor spin coating technique, which has been proved to be particularly useful for the formation of dense nanocrystalline films at temperatures about 1000°C lower than those required to prepare micrometersized specimens [26]. The uniform distribution of grain size as well as the ability to control the thickness and microstructure of the films prepared by the polymeric precursor method allow comprehensive structure/property studies to be made on nanocrystalline materials [7]. 

Since the report in 1986 that 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (AZT, now called zidovudine) (152) was effective against human retroviruses <86GEP(O)3608606>, a plethora of ribonucleoside derivatives have been prepared and their pharmaceutical properties studied and reported. Only a few representative examples (152)-(164) are discussed here space limitations do not allow for a comprehensive overview. 

FIGURE 36.6 In vitro release profiles of quercetin from folated nanoparticles (at pH 5.8 ( ) and 7.4 ( )) and nonfolated nanoparticles (at pH 5.8 (A) and 7.4 ( )) at 37°C (n = 3). (Reprinted from Eur. J. Med. Chem., 50, Khoee, S. and Rahmatolahzadeh, R., Synthesis and characterization of pH-responsive and folated nanoparticles based on self-assembled brush-like PLGA/PEG/AEMA copolymer with targeted cancer therapy properties A comprehensive kinetic study, 416-427. Copyright 2012, with permission from Elsevier Masson SAS.)... 

Khoee S, Rahmatolahzadeh R. Synthesis and characterization of pH-responsive and folated nanoparticles based on self-assembled brush-like PLGA/PEG/AEMA copolymer with targeted cancer therapy properties A comprehensive kinetic study. Fur J Med Chem. 2012 50 416-427. 

The second chapter, by D. Vollmer (Germany), brings a quantitative comparison of experimental data and theoretical predictions on thermodynamic and kinetic properties of microemulsions based on nonionic surfactants. Phase transitions between a lamellar and a droplet-phase microemulsion are discussed. The work is based on evaluation of the latent heat and the specific heat accompanying the transitions. The author focuses on the kinetics of phase separation when inducing emulsification failure by constant heating. The chapter is a comprehensive, detailed study of all the aspects related to the phase separation phenomenon in microemulsions. 

In 1967 Rudman and Di Girolamo published a comprehensive comparative study of the physiology of adipose tissue which clearly shows that there are remarkable diflFerences between the adipose tissues from different mammalian species. There is less information in the review regarding the adipose tissue of birds. This class of vertebrates, however, is of interest because birds share with mammals the common property of having a well-developed subcutaneous adipose tissue and that of being homeotherms. 

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