Compounding with Polymers

An efficient solid-phase synthesis of [l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-7]indazoles has been described starting from bis(azide) 367. The coupling of this compound with polymer-bound triphenylphosphine gives compound 368. This unprecedented bis(iminophosphorane) reacts with various isothiacyanates to give the corresponding iminophosphoranes 215 (unreported yields) attached to the resin (Scheme 37) <2000SL1411>. 

Evidence for this is rather sparse, but recent XPS work on the interaction of zirconium compounds with polymer particles [5] and corona discharge-treated polypropylene [6] supports the view that zirconium will react with the surface carboxyl functionality. Interestingly, titanium complexes are believed [6] to prefer to bond to surface hydroxyl groups. 

The second principal possibility for forming of polymeric compounds with polymer Si-Si bond systems is via a substituent-exchange reaction starting from polymeric preformed Si-Si bond systems. 

Table 42. Hydrofluorination of Acetylenic Compounds with Polymer-Supported Dihydrogen...

Mineral fillers are compounded with polymers for several purposes which include for mechanical reinforcement, as pigments, for enhancement of electrical properties or for lowering the material costs and thermal behaviour. They have an important role in the polymer due to their ability to fulfill a variety of roles. The use of fillers in polymer compounds provides additional benefits, for instance, the dispersion of the filler during compounding onto a polymer surface prevents delamination. This assures the long-term chemical stability of introduced chains, in contrast to physically coated chains [51-53]. 

Natural fibers such as sisal, flax, jute and wood-fibers possesses good reinforcing capability when precisely compounded with polymers. These fibers have attracted attention because of their low cost [19-21]. The advantages of natural fibers over synthetic fibers... 

Addressing the Aerogel Fragility by Compounding with Polymers... 

Preparation of Metal Particles through Blending Organometallic Compounds with Polymers. 

Another approach to producing polymeric materials with nanodispersed metal particles is blending organometallic compounds with polymers [12]. This approach is adaptable to any polymeric matrices since polymers need not contain active groups, although miscibility between components of the blend limits this method. As the polymeric matrix, we employed a copolymer of acrylonitrile and 1.5 wt.% itaconic acid (PAN-I), although all features observed with the copolymer are also found for PAN homopolymer. The presence of itaconic acid units in PAN-I accelerates thermolysis and permits successful thermolysis in vacuum for 5 hours whereas by FTIR thermolysis of PAN homopolymer lasted 46 hours. 

Reductions of organic compounds with polymer-supported reagents have included reports of the reduction of disulfides to thiols, of the use of alumina-supported materials for reduction of alkenes and ketones, and of the various reductions brought about by polymer-supported metal hydrides. The reductions of disulfides to thiols, mainly concerned with biologically related materials, will be discussed later (Chapter 15). 

Although intercalation compounds with polymers generally exhibit their own uniform interlayer distances,[l] XRD analysis demonstrates that the interlayer distance is not uniform. The absence of a uniform interlayer environment seems to be characteristic of the grafting reactions of polymer chains since intercalated H-PDMS is involved in hydrosilylation, the formation of a variety of interlayer configurations of PDMS chains is likely. 

Polymer electrolyte interface (PEI) model [321] Passive layer consists of organic compounds with polymer properties. 

Henkel Alodine 5200 Titanium- and/or zirconium oxyfluoro compounds with polymer additions... 

---