Composites thermally modified wood

Bryne, L.E., Lausmaa, J., Emstsson, M., Engfund, F., Walinder, M.E.P. Ageing of modified wood. Part 2 determination of surface composition of acetylated, furfurylated, and thermally modified wood by XPS and ToF-SIMS. Holzforschung 64, 305-313 (2010)... 

Timar, M.C., Maher, K., Irle, M. and Mihai, M.D. (2004). Thermal forming of chemically modified wood to make high performance plastic-hke wood composites. Holzforschung, 58(5), 519-528. 

V. Hristov and S. Vasileva. Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of modified poly(propylene) wood fiber composites. Macromol. Mater. Eng., 2003, 288(10), 798-806. 

The application of heat to wood results in chemical changes in the material. The properties of the modified products depend on the one hand on the specific chemical composition of the different wood species, but, most notably between hardwoods and softwoods, on the other hand on the process conditions. Maximum temperatures, atmosphere and the duration of the thermal load are among the main parameters. Further influencing factors are the sample dimensions and whether the system is open or closed. 

The performance of wood-polyethylene composites was found to improve by an appropriate compatibilization with different MAs and the additional incorporation of organo-clay particles [47] consisting of natural mont-morillonite modified with quaternary ammonium salt. The thermal expansion coefficient and the heat of deflection values indicated that these materials displayed an improved interfacial adhesion. 

---