Composite cathode preparation

Such electrodes have mostly been used as anodes, but cathodic redox catalysis is also possible. In Ti/Ti02 composite cathodes, prepared by the ceramic method, Ti(OH)4 is... 

Leng, Y.J., Chan, S.H., Khor, K.A. Jiang, S.P. (Lao.8Sro.2)o.9Mn03-Gdo.2Ceo.80i.9 composite cathodes prepared from (Gd,Ce)(N03)j modified (Lao.8Sro.2)o.9Mn03 for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel-cells. J. Solid State Electrochem. 10 (2006), pp. 339-347. 

During the electrolytic preparation of composite cathodes from solutions of Ni or Co salts with molybdate or tungstate, the current efficiency for deposition of the two metals is far from 1(X)%, so cathodic Hj evolution, with codeposition (sorption) of the H intermediate, is unavoidable. Hence it is virtually certain that these composite cathode materials are formed as hydride materials. It was suggested in Ref. (75) that this may be one of the reasons for their excellent electrocatalytic behavior in the HER, in contrast to that of bulk, thermally prepared alloys of the same metals, Ni and Mo. In this respect, hydrided metals may behave like Pt cathodes where the HER proceeds with good electrocatalysis on a full monolayer of UPD H and, under appreciable applied current densities, on a Pt surface region containing apparently some significant quantity of three-dimensionally sorbed H (136). 

As an example of a cathode film the (Lag gSrg 2)o.9Mn03 (LSM) per-ovskite will be used for electrode preparation and evaluation. Composite symmetrical and asymmetrical (Lag gSr 2) MnOj-YSZ (LSM-YSZ) structures were prepared on dense YSZ substrate (0.4 mm thick) [21]. The symmetrical cell was used for composite LSM-YSZ and composite LSM-YSZAfSZ electrode overpotential evaluation, while asymmetrical for fuel cell performance and electrode overpotential measurement. The composite cathode was prepared similarly to the composite anode (Figure 3-18). The procedure follows ... 

Regarding the development of LSM based composite cathodes, several works have reported the preparation of LSM-SDC cathodes from the powders obtained by different synthesis methods (Ye et al., 2007 Chen et al., 2007 Xu et al., 2009). However, no reports on the... 

Sulfur/polypyrrole binary composite was prepared by a simple one-step ball milling method as cathode for LIB, and it was demonstrated that by making the composite with polypyrrole, the dissolution of polysulfide in the electrolyte is reduced [39]. The result of Li/S battery with S/PPy showed high initial discharge capacity of 1320 mAh/g and a stable reversible capacity of 500 mAh/g after 40 cycles. 

Zhitomirsky et al. [8] have shown that electrodeposition can also be used to prepare films of hybrid composites. Cathodic electrodeposition of iron oxide nanoparticles were deposited with a polyelectrolyte matrix. Inorganic proteins and fibroblasts have been deposited on single crystal Si and Si3N4, and doped Si substrates... 

Baek, D., Kamegawa, A., Takamura., H. (2014). Preparation and electrode properties of composite cathodes based on Bii.xSr FeOs.s with Perovskite-t)fpe structure. Solid State Ionics, 262, 691. 

Jin C, liu J (2009) Preparation of 6ai.2Sro.sCoQ4+8 K2Nip4-type structure oxide and cathodic behavioral of Bai.2Sro.8CoQ4+8-GDC composite cathode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. J Alloys Compd 474 573-577... 

Singh N (2010) Studies on conducting polymer and conducting polymerinorganic composite electrodes prepared via a new cathodic polymerization method. Dissertatirai, Purdue University... 

Zhao H, Huo I, Sun L, Yu L, Gao S, Zhao J (2004) Preparation, chemical stability and electrochemical properties of LSCF-CBO composite cathodes. Mater Chem Phys... 

Wu et al. [96] report the synthesis of LiFeP04 by precipitation method. According to the stoichiometry, iron metal, LiNOs, and (NH4)2HP04 are mixed in an aqueous acidic solution. After the starting materials are dissolved, adequate amount of sucrose is added to the solution then heated at 150 °C to evaporate water. The solid residue is calcined at 350 °C for 8 h and then heat-treated at temperatures between 400 and 800 °C for 12 h in N2. Among the prepared composite cathode materials, the sample heat-treated at 700 °C for 12 h shows better cycling performance than those of others. It shows initial specific discharge capacities of 165 and 130 mAh g at 30 C with C rates of C/10 and 1C, respectively. 

Croce et al. [148] report the preparation and electrochemical performance of kinetically improved Cu-added or Ag-added LiFeP04 composite cathode materials. The added Cu or Ag metal powders do not affect the structure of LiFeP04 but clearly improve its kinetics in terms of capacity delivery and cycling life due to a reduction of the particle size and an increase of the bulk intra- and inter-partiele electronic conductivity of LiFeP04- The obvious... 

In this work, two samples had been prepared for comparison. One was TiB2-C/C FGM cathode sample, where a 10 mm thick TiB2-rich layer was on the top, a TiB2-C layer in the middle as gradient layer and the carbon on the bottom as a base anoflier was CATiB2 composite cathode sample without gradient layer, bofli as shown in Table I. 

Kumar et al. [36] recently published a report on solid-state lithium-air batteries. The lithium-ion, conductive solid electrolyte membrane is based on glass-ceramic (GC) and polymer-ceramic materials. This solid electrolyte is used as the ionic conductive membrane between the lithium electrode and the air electrode. It also is used in the soHd composite air cathode prepared from high-surface-area carbon. The cell exhibited excellent thermal stabihty in the 30-105 °C temperature range... 

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