Complexes/complexation

Transformation None None Simple Complex Complex Complex Simple Simple Simple Complex Complex Complex... 

Ti-arene complexes Complexes in which an aromatic system is bonded to a metal through its r-electrons. Generally only applied to complexes of uncharged aromatic systems, e.g. [(CeHe)2Cr] but formally applied to any complex of an aromatic system, e.g. [(CjH5)2Fe] as a complex of (C5H3)". 

Metal Complex. Complexation gas chromatography was first introduced by V. Schurig in 1980 (118) and employs transition metals (eg, nickel, cobalt, manganese or rhodium) complexed with chiral terpenoid ketoenolate ligands such as 3-ttifluoroacetyl-lR-camphorate (6),... 

Complex Formation. AH four Cg aromatic isomers have a strong tendency to form several different types of complexes. Complexes with electrophilic agents ate utilized in xylene separation. The formation of the HE-BF —MX complex is the basis of the Mitsubishi Gas—Chemical Company (MGCC) commercial process for MX recovery, discussed herein. Equimolar complexes of MX and HBr (mp — 77°C) and EB and HBr (mp — 103°C) have been reported (32,33). Similatly, HCl complexes undergo rapid formation and decomposition at —80°C (34). 

Stereoelectronic factors are also important in determining the stmcture and reactivity of complexes. Complexes of catbonyl groups with trivalent boron and aluminum compounds tend to adopt a geometry consistent with directional interaction with one of the oxygen lone pairs. Thus the C—O—M bond angle tends to be in the trigonal (120-140°) range, and the boron or aluminum is usually close to die carbonyl plane. ... 

Shannon s Information Static Captures only some of the intuitive flavor of complexity complexity is additive, counter to intuition... 

General van Riper, during the time when he was Commanding General at the Marine Corps Concept Development Command at Quantico, VA, (1994-1996), approached CNA with an idea for a study that asked. What do all of these new ideas I ve been hearing about - nonlinearity, complexity, complex adaptive systems - have to do with combat Since many at CNA knew of my deep interest in the subject, I was soon asked to direct a project addressing this question a project that has since spawned a follow-on multi-year effort sponsored by the Office of Naval Research to develop an artificial-life model of combat. To say that Lt.Gen van Riper s appear-... 

Geometry of four-coordinate complexes. Complexes in which the central metal has a coordination number of 4 may be tetrahedral or square planar. 

Atovaquone, a hydroxynaphthoquinone, selectively inhibits the respiratory chain of protozoan mitochondria at the cytochrome bcl complex (complex III) by mimicking the natural substrate, ubiquinone. Inhibition of cytochrome bcl disrupts the mitochondrial electron transfer chain and leads to a breakdown of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Atovaquone is effective against all parasite stages in humans, including the liver stages. 

Ba(ClC>4)2.3H20 is pptd when solns of Ba perchlorate are crystd, as in its prepn by the action of perchloric ac on Ba carbonate, hydroxide (Ref 2), or chloride (Ref 4) or by the action of a satd soln of AP on Ba hydroxide (Ref 5) Other Complexes. Complexes are known which contain 1 and 4 moles of ethylenediamine. The complex with 4 moles was found to decomp slowly over a broad temp range, but the one with 1 mole expld shortly after decompn started (Ref 12). A complex is formed with dioxane which is reported to be Ba(C104)2.2C4H802. 

When the reaction of two compounds results in a product that contains all the mass of the two compounds, the product is called an addition compound. There are several kinds. In the rest of this chapter, we will discuss addition compounds in which the molecules of the starting materials remain more or less intact and weak bonds hold two or more molecules together. We can divide them into four broad classes electron donor-acceptor complexes, complexes formed by crown ethers and similar compounds, inclusion compounds, and catenanes. 

Note that the Roman numeral subscripts refer to numbered reactions and have nothing to do with iodine. All these examples have involved elementary reactions. Multiple reactions and apparently single but nonelementary reactions are called complex. Complex reactions, even when apparently single, consist of a number of elementary steps. These steps, some of which may be quite fast, constitute the mechanism of the observed, complex reaction. As an example, suppose that... 

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