Comaceae plant

Cornus is a genus of the Comaceae plant family, lepiesented by about 30-60 species of woody plants commonly named Dogwoods, widely spread in Europe, Asia and North America. 

Occurrence A. has been detected in more than 80 different plants, especially in the family Scrophularia-ceae. It owes its name to its occurrence (2-3%) in Aii-cuba japonica, a plant endemic to Japan (Comaceae). In Europe A. occurs in the widely distributed ribwort Plantago lanceolata, Plantaginaceae) in larger amounts (1.1%). 

Bate-Smith et al., 1975), whereas there does not appear to be a close relationship of the Comaceae to the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) and the Araliaceae with which they are placed by many phylogenists. The Apiaceae and Araliaceae completely lack iridoid compounds. The presence of alkaloids in the Icacinaceae and the Nyssaceae based on an iridoid monoterpene structure suggests that these plants also may be related to the Comaceae. 

Cornelian eherry Cornus mas L.) - a shrub or a 5 to 12 m tall tree, native to Central and South-Eastern Europe (from France to Ukraine) and Asia (fiem Turkey to China) produces one of the most valuable fruits within the Comaceae. Cornelian eherry is a slow growing plant whieh can live up to 300 years [Wadi et al., 2014]. The shiny fiuits are spherical or oval shaped one stone drupes which can be either yellow or deep red (almost black). 

C. officinalis Sieb (Comaceae) is used traditionally as a tonic. The antidiabetic activity of this plant has been reported in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats when given per os [112]. Ursolic acid (0.14%), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, caused about 30% of reduction on blood glucose levels when administered for 6 weeks in high-fat diet mice [113], The main underlying mechanism of action seems to be mediated by the increase of the insulin-sensitive glucose... 

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