Columnar Superstructures in the Bulk State

Alignment on Substrates and Device Applications of Columnar Liquid Crystals 

Hydrophobic HBC-discs with six hydrophihc oligo(ethylene oxide) chains exhibit highly ordered columnar structures with enhanced molecular segregation in the bulk state [78]. The hydrophilic periphery forces a face-on orientation at the air/ water interface and homeotropic alignment in cluster-separated thin layers after transfer by the LB-method. 

High-efficiency organic photovoltaic devices derive their performance from two 

A markedly simple and straightforward approach to alignment of the layer of discs is the so-called zone-casting technique. Deposition of an HBC solution from a stationary nozzle onto a moving substrate (glass or ITO), both of which are temperature-controlled, produces concentration and temperature gradients result- 

---